morphine’s effects on learning and memory processes are well known to depend on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. whereas the role of the hippocampus in morphine-induced amnesia and state-dependent learning is established, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. the present study intended to investigate whether administration of morphine ...

background: the present study evaluated the effects of treadmill running on extracellular basal levels of glutamate and gaba at dentate gyrus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. methods: after 12 weeks of diabetes induction and exercise period, extracellular levels of glutamate and gaba were investigated. results: the results showed that glutamate levels were significantly decreased in dia...

Temporal epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that begins before adulthood. Two -way factors in causing epilepsy and continuing attacks can be inflammation that is caused by immune system and infection. The hippocampus and amygdala are part of a limbic system that relies on memory and emotional regulation. The purpose of this study was to review the effect of epileptic-induced inflammatio...

Objective(s): Quinolinic acid (QA)-mediated excitotoxicity has been widely used as a model for studying neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies suggested that saffron (Crocus sativus) or its active metabolite, i.e. safranal, exerts pharmacological actions on central nervous system including anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotective properties. The present study aimed to investigate th...

Background: Hippocampal damages, which are accompanied by inflammation, are among the main causes of epilepsy acquisition. We previously reported that chronic intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modulates epileptogenesis in rats. There is a network of gap junction channels in the hippocampus that contribute to epileptogenesis. Gap junction channels are formed ...

Abstract Background In Alzheimer’s disease, postmortem studies have shown that the first cortical site where neurofibrillary tangles appear is transentorhinal region, a subregion within medial temporal lobe largely overlaps with area 35, and entorhinal cortex. Here we used tau‐PET imaging to investigate sequence of tau pathology progression human across regions in posterior‐medial system. Our o...

Introduction: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a pivotal role in the development of tolerance and physical dependence to opiates. Activation of NMDA receptors involves the induction of long term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus. Our previous study suggested that chronic oral administration of morphine enhanced NMDA dependent LTP in the CA1 area of hippocampal slices of rats. The p...

Entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the first Entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the first cerebral regions affected in Alzheimer’sdisease (AD). The pathology propagates to neighboring cerebral regions through a prion-likemechanism. In AD, intracellular calcium dyshomeostasis is associated with endoplasmicreticulum (ER) stress. This study was designed to examine hippocampal ER stre...