Theories that explain the origins of communal violence in South Asia often point to the discursive creation of the perception of distinct and adversarial Hindu and Muslim identity categories at the beginning of the twentieth century. This paper argues that these theories overemphasize imagined social differences without adequately considering how these boundaries were territorialized in everyda...

Increasingly, sustainability is conceived as a crisis of the human mind and the key challenge for pro-sustainability education is developing sufficient motivation in learners. The spiritual aspirations of religious communities contain sufficient motivational force, which may be deployed for effective sustainability education. This paper explores the approaches to sustainability and sustainabili...

Tetanus as a disease was known to ancient medicine, including Hindu medicine. Hippocrates (460-370 B.C.), the father of modern medicine, described the clinical symptoms accurately. Charaka and Sushrutha (900 B.C.?) had also described this condition in Hindu medicine. The transmissibility of this disease to lower animals was demonstrated by Carle and Rattone in 1884. It was Nicolaier of Gottinge...

The effect of ethnic violence on electoral results provides useful insights into voter behaviour and the incentives for political parties in democratic societies. Religious riots have claimed more than 14,000 lives in India since 1950. We study the effect of Hindu-Muslim riots on election results in India. We combine data on riots with electoral data on state legislature elections and control v...