Web-based authentication is a popular mechanism implemented by Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) because it allows a simple registration and authentication of customers, while avoiding high resource requirements of the new IEEE 802.11i security standard and backward compatibility issues of legacy devices. In this work we demonstrate two different and novel attacks against web-based au...

Bacteria hijack eukaryotic cells by injecting virulence effectors into host cytosol with a type III secretion system (T3SS). Effectors are targeted with their cognate chaperones to hexameric T3SS ATPase at the bacterial membrane's cytosolic face. In this issue of the Journal of Bacteriology, Roblin et al. (P. Roblin, F. Dewitte, V. Villeret, E. G. Biondi, and C. Bompard, J Bacteriol 197:688-698...

This paper proposes a study of distributed denial-of service attacks and a study of the defense mechanism that strive to counter these attacks. The attack illustrate do using both known and potential attack mechanisms along with this classification we discuss important feature .So each attack category that in turn define the challenge involved in combating these threats. Distributed Denial of S...

Otitis media (OM), middle ear infection, represents a significant burden on children, their families, and the healthcare system. OM is major cause of hearing loss in children if left untreated who suffer chronic recurrent forms OM, this disease can have serious life-long sequelae. Chronic are recalcitrant to current therapies due formation biofilms intracellular biofilm pods by otopathogens muc...

Viruses are known to hijack the intracellular organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, and cytoskeleton promote its replication. The host responds invading viruses by mounting antiviral responses rearrangement of organelles. In particular, mitochondria one target organelles exploited their proteins suppress response. this review, we have comprehensively summari...

Abstract L1 retrotransposons can pose a threat to genome integrity. The host has evolved restrict replication. However, mechanisms underlying propagation out of the surveillance remains unclear. Here, we propose an evolutionary survival strategy L1, which exploits RNA m 6 A modification. We discover that ‘writer’ METTL3 facilitates retrotransposition, whereas ‘eraser’ ALKBH5 suppresses it. esse...