PURPOSE To describe 9-year changes in refractive errors and estimate incidence of myopia and hyperopia in adults of African-descent, along with associated risk factors. METHODS The 9-year follow-up of the Barbados Eye Studies (1997-2003) reexamined 2793 surviving cohort members (81% participation). Refractive errors were determined by automated refraction. Myopia/hyperopia were defined as sph...

Myopia is a major cause of visual impairment and its prevalence is increasing globally at an alarming rate. High pathologic myopia is described as myopia with associated degenerative changes in the sclera, choroid and retinal pigment epithelium, resulting initially in loss of visual acuity (VA). Excessive elongation of the globe and posterior staphyloma are the hallmark findings in pathological...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The effect of orthokeratology (OK) on low myopia is well known, but there are a few reports on its effect on high myopia. In this study, the parametric changes in high and low myopia as results of wearing OK lenses for a period of 6 months have been analyzed. METHODS Records of schoolchildren (age 7-17 years) undergoing OK treatment from an optometry clinic were retrospecti...

PURPOSE To investigate the optical quality of the anterior cornea during a 6-year follow-up after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia. METHODS Forty-nine patients (98 eyes) underwent PRK using an excimer laser platform. Patients were subdivided into three groups according to their preoperative spherical equivalent refraction and amount of cylinder component: the low-myopia, the high-...

PURPOSE Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a visual disorder of high and growing prevalence in the United States and in other countries. Pathologic high myopia, or myopia of </=-6.00 D, predisposes individuals to retinal detachment, macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma. Autosomal dominant (AD) nonsyndromic high-grade myopia has been mapped to loci on 18p11.31, 12q21-q23, 17q21-q23, and 7q3...

Myopia affects up to one-third of the population in the United States today. It is a leading cause of low vision in Asian countries secondary to the increased risk of retinal detachments and glaucoma. Genetics, as well as environmental factors and nearwork have been hypothesized to play a role in myopia development. Current techniques to control its progression target these etiologies. Methods ...

Highlights:1. The selection of delivery methods in pregnant patients with myopia is needed to prevent blindness.2. Although there was no report retinal detachment either spontaneous or cesarean section this study, all pathologic peripheral degeneration should be consulted by Ophthalmologist. AbstractIntroduction: blindness. This study aimed calculate and prevalence myopia.Methods: a descriptive...

Myopia has been investigated scientifically for over a century but the search for an effective remedy has been manifestly unsuccessful. The prevalence of myopia in developed societies has now risen to about 30% in USA (Vitale, Sperduto et al. 2009) and up to 70% in some Asian centres (Lin, Shih et al. 2004). In addition to the socio-economic burden of providing optical corrections for myopia, c...

AIM To report the usefulness of uncorrected distance visual acuity (DVA) at 16 years to "screen" for myopia status and to assess the lifetime risk of myopia, based on a national birth cohort. METHODS 1867 members of the 1958 British birth cohort for whom there were data on acuity at 16 years had autorefraction, as part of a biomedical survey, at 45 years. Reduced uncorrected DVA at age 16 yea...