We demonstrate the transduction of macroscopic quantum correlations by Ag localized surface plasmons (LSPs). Quantum noise reduction, or squeezed light, generated through four-wave mixing in Rb vapor, is coupled to a Ag nanohole array designed to exhibit LSP-mediated extraordinary-optical transmission spectrally coincident with the squeezed light source at 795 nm. This first demonstration of th...

Urban heat island is among the most evident aspects of human impacts on the earth system. Here we assess the diurnal and seasonal variation of surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) defined as the surface temperature difference between urban area and suburban area measured from the MODIS. Differences in SUHII are analyzed across 419 global big cities, and we assess several potential biophy...

We explored the possible effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) on interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the Alborán Sea, both separately and combined. The probability of observing mean annual SST values higher than average was related to NAO and AO values of the previous year. The effect of NAO on SST was negative, while that of AO was pos...

Extensive Monte Carlo simulations and scaling arguments are used to study the colloidal charge reversal. The critical colloidal surface charge density sigma(c) at which the reversal first appears is found to depend strongly on the ionic size. We find that sigma(c) has an inflection point as a function of the electrolyte concentration. The width of the plateau region in the vicinity of the infle...

OBJECTIVES To seek public opinion on the reporting of medical errors and the anonymity of healthcare workers who report medical errors. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS A random, representative survey of 2005 South Australians in April 2002, using telephone interviews based on a vignette provided. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES When a medical error occurs (i) whether the incident should be reported, and (ii)...

We demonstrate improved atomic force microscopic imaging of surfactant surface aggregates, featuring an increase in the topography contrast by several hundred percent with respect to all previous studies. Surfactant aggregates on rough gold surfaces, which could not be imaged previously because of low resolution, display substantially different morphologies when compared with atomically smooth ...

The discovery of the phenomena known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has provided the basis for many research areas, ranging from materials science to biosensing. LSPR has since been viewed as a transduction platform that could yield affordable, portable devices for a multitude of applications. This review aims to outline the potential applications within developing countries and ...