BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiovascular risk is higher with increased lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Whether Lp(a) concentration is related to type 2 diabetes is unclear. METHODS In 26 746 healthy US women (mean age 54.6 years), we prospectively examined baseline Lp(a) concentrations and incident type 2 diabetes (n = 1670) for a follow-up period of 13 years. We confirmed ou...

BACKGROUND The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) demonstrated conclusively that risks for complications in patients with diabetes are directly related to glycemic control, as measured by glycohemoglobin (GHB). In 1994, one year after the DCCT results were reported, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) set specific diabet...

Inflammation and oxidative stress are important factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes and contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that is characterized by increased oxidative stress, and the risk for periodontitis is increased significantly in diabetic subjects. In this study, we examined the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating reduced ni...

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between long-term glycemic control and localized neuroretinal function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) without diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Standard (103 hexagons) and slow-flash (61 hexagons) multifocal ERGs (standard mfERG and sf mfERG) were recorded in 48 patients and 45 control subjects. Hexagons with delayed responses were identifie...

OBJECTIVE This article evaluated whether deviation from developmentally appropriate self-care autonomy moderated the effects of intensive therapy (IT) or usual care (UC) on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1C)) in 142 youths with diabetes. METHODS Youths received an autonomy/maturity ratio (AMR) score at baseline that was a ratio of standardized scores on measures of self-care autonomy to standar...

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of infection. The roles of bacterial characteristics and glycemic control in diabetic patients with Escherichia coli infection have not been well investigated. The aims of this study were to examine the bacterial characteristics and glycemic control in diabetic patients with E. coli infections arising in the urinary tract. METH...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of patient cost-sharing on oral diabetes medication adherence and glycemic control. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. METHODOLOGY Medical and pharmacy claims from a managed care plan and electronic medical records (EMR) from a large physician organization in Oregon were used to identify a cohort with diabetes. Medication adherence and mean patient cost...

This article describes the analysis of autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products of hemoglobin (Hb-AGE). Formed as a result of slow, spontaneous and non-enzymatic glycation reactions, Hb-AGE possesses a characteristic autofluorescence at 308/345 nm (lambda(ex)/lambda(em)). Even in the presence of heme as a quenching molecule, the surface presence of the glycated adduct gave rise to au...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Diabetic patients are at high risk for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) characterized by symptoms of intermittent claudication or critical limb ischemia. Measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI) has emerged as the diagnostic tool of choice, because it is relatively simple, non-invasive and inexpensive. It is also an independent marker of increased morbidity and mort...

Approximately two thirds of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unable to reach the hemoglobin A(1c) target set by the American Diabetes Association (HbA(1c) <7.0%). Therefore, T2DM continues to be a major public health concern. Incretin mimetics and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are medications that have the potential to improve patients' glycemic control, as well as to resu...