A comparison between heavily and lightly browsed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees revealed that the yield of volatile leaf oil and tree height were highly significantly different. Higher volatile oil yield was positively correlated with lightly browsed trees, and lower oil yield correlated with heavily browsed trees. Tree height was negatively correlated with terpenoid yield, indicating youn...

High-resolution airborne laser scanner data offer the possibility to detect and measure individual trees. In this study, an algorithm which estimated position, height, and crown diameter of individual trees was validated with field measurements. Because all the trees in this study were measured on the ground with high accuracy, their positions could be linked with laser measurements, making val...

In this paper, we study how to draw trees so that they are planar, straight-line and respect a given order of edges around each node. We focus on minimizing the height, and show that we can always achieve a height of at most 2pw(T )+1, where pw(T ) (the so-called pathwidth) is a known lower bound on the height. Hence we give an asymptotic 2-approximation algorithm. We also create a drawing whos...

Increases in plant size and structural complexity with increasing age have important implications for water flow through trees. Water supply to the crown is influenced by both the cross-sectional area and the permeability of sapwood. It has been hypothesized that hydraulic conductivity within sapwood increases with age. We investigated changes in sapwood permeability (k) and anatomy with tree a...

A well-founded tree T denned on the vertex set of a graph G is called normal if the endvertices of any edge of G are comparable in T. We study how normal trees can be used to describe the structure of infinite graphs. In particular, we extend Jung's classical existence theorem for trees of height w to trees of arbitrary height. Applications include a structure theorem for graphs without large c...

Bent trees have been observed during the early years in juvenile plantations (less than 5 years-old) of Tectona grandis in Costa Rica. The relationship between bending and the morphological characteristics of the trees was explored. An evaluation of bent trees was conducted in six juvenile plantations (8, 17, 27, 28, 31, and 54 months old) of Tectona grandis. Site 1 with 8-month-old plantations...

We summarize several limit results for the profile of random plane-oriented recursive trees. These include the limit distribution of the normalized profile, asymptotic bimodality of the variance, asymptotic approximations of the expected width and the correlation coefficients of two level sizes. We also unveil an unexpected connection between the profile of plane-oriented recursive trees (with ...