Human exposure to cold and heat stimulates cutaneous vasoconstriction and vasodilation via distinct sympathetic reflex and locally mediated pathways. The mechanisms mediating cutaneous vasoconstriction and vasodilation are impaired with primary aging, rendering the aged more vulnerable to hypothermia and cardiovascular complications from heat-related illness, respectively. This paper highlights...

Introduction The advent of recombinant DNA technologies has created unprecedented opportunities for significantly improving the treatment and prevention of human disease. Recombinant DNA technology has made it possible to study the molecular factors that modulate cellular responses to various metabolic and environmental stresses. Incorporating molecular biology techniques into the research arse...

Introduction The MSSS, described elsewhere (1), has been in use since 2003 and records Emergency Department (ED) chief complaint data along with the patient’s age, gender and zip code in real time. There were 85/139 hospital EDs enrolled in MSSS as of June 2012, capturing 77% of the annual hospital ED visits in Michigan. The MSSS is used routinely during the influenza season for situational awa...

BACKGROUND Little information exists describing the incidence of heat-related illness (HRI) among non-military working populations. An analysis of HRI cases utilizing workers' compensation data has not been previously reported. METHODS We used both ICD-9 and ANSI Z16.2 codes with subsequent medical record review to identify accepted Washington State Fund workers' compensation claims for HRI o...

BACKGROUND Exertional heat illness (EHI) affects military personnel, athletes and occupational groups such as agricultural workers, despite knowledge of preventive measures. AIMS To evaluate EHI diagnoses during US Army basic training and its associations with fitness and body fat on entering military service. METHODS From February 2005 to September 2006, US Army recruits at six different m...

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