Improving hand hygiene from high to very high compliance has not been documented to decrease healthcare-associated infections. We conducted longitudinal analyses during 2013-2015 in an 853-bed hospital and observed a significantly increased hand hygiene compliance rate (p<0.001) and a significantly decreased healthcare-associated infection rate (p = 0.0066).

Before responding to the statement of Chang et al, we have to clarify the following definitions of nosocomial infection, healthcare-associated infections, and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Otherwise, the readers will be misled. First, in the definition of the Center for Disease Control, R.O.C. (Taiwan), “nosocomial infection” has been replaced with “healthcare-associated infections,” ...

BackgroundWhereas the cost burden of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) extends beyond inpatient stay into post-discharge period, few studies have focused on costs.AimTo investigate impact all types HAI magnitude and distribution costs observed in acute community services for patients who developed during their stay.MethodsUsing data from Evaluation Cost Nosocomial Infection (ECONI) study re...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) blood stream infection (BSI) is a major healthcare burden in some but not all healthcare settings, and it is associated with 10%-20% mortality. The introduction of mandatory reporting in England of MRSA BSI in 2001 was followed in 2004 by the setting of target reductions for all National Health Service hospitals. The original national target of...