Unlike goods, which are concrete and easily quantified, services are intangible processes that are produced and consumed concurrently. Health care is a service that can encourage optimal health outcomes only through meaningful, collaborative partnerships between patients and clinicians. Co-production of health services can be used as a means to rethink how health care is delivered not only in t...

As contemporary firms increase their reliance on information technology (IT) and are increasingly turning their attention to jointly creating value with their primary stakeholders, there is a growing need to understand what enablers promote from interfirm value co-creation from co-production in supply chains, how the co-production can be realized and what value can be created through the co-pro...

this study investigated the effect of loading and temperature on anaerobic co-digestion of poultry manure with straw in mesophilic conditions. the study was made at lab-scale using 70l reactor with a hrt of 15 days. during the first phase, different loads of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg vs/m3.d were studied in order to produce biogas. at load of 3.0 kg vs/ m3.d, vs removal and gas product...

Over time there has been a shift, at least in the rhetoric, from a pipeline conceptualisation of knowledge implementation, to one that recognises the potential of more collaboration, co-productive approaches to knowledge production and use. In this editorial, which is grounded in our research and collective experience, we highlight both the potential and challenge with collaboration and co-prod...

Abstract The involvement of citizens in the production and creation public services has become a central tenet for administrations internationally. In Scotland, co-production underpinned integration health social care via Public Bodies (Joint Working) (Scotland) Act 2014. We report on qualitative study that examined experiences perspectives local national leaders Scotland undertaking sustaining...

The aim of this study was using Bayesian approach via Gibbs sampling (GS) for estimating genetic parameters of production, reproduction and health traits in Iranian Holstein cows. Data consisted of 320666 first- lactation records of Holstein cows from 7696 sires and 260302 dams collected by the animal breeding center of Iran from year 1991 to 2010. (Co) variance components were estimated using ...