Objectives: Studies in “environmental justice” consider the possibility that hazardous and/or poorly operated industrial facilities may be disproportionately located in poor, minority, and politically disenfranchised communities. Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 requires that chemical facilities in the U.S. that had on premises more than specified quantities of toxic or fl...

The first standards for chemical protective clothing (CPC) emerged mid to late 1980's and have evolved since as most standards are revisited every 5 yr. Over the past years, we have also seen a strengthening of the chemical and worker protection legislation around the globe (various forms of REACH) but also protection of workers. The most prevalent standards originate under the auspices of the ...

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) uses chemical-specific minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist in evaluating public health risks associated with exposure to hazardous substances. MRLs are estimates of daily human exposure to a chemical that are likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. MRLs serve...

backgrounds and objectives:today, one of the most important environmental issues is solid waste produced in dentistry that because of the presence of hazardous, toxic and pathogen agents has special importance. in this survey, solid waste produced in hamadan dentistry laboratories and practical dentist offices is studied.materials and methods: in this descriptive study, from 24 dentistry labora...

Introduction: Hazardous chemical vapors pose a serious challenge to the security and well-being of our nation and to our forces abroad. Th ese can be dangerous chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and explosives or health hazards such as toxic industrial chemicals and materials (TICs and TIMs). A long-standing problem with chemical vapor detectors is their susceptibility to false alarms, which result...

M &i We a InnovatIo Alternatives to Incineration: There's More Than One Way to Remediate Hazardous waste is everywhere. It comes from paints, motor oil, hair spray, household cleaners, automotive chemicals, and all kinds of toxic medical, industrial and military products. Most industrial processes-from which come cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, computers and garden pesticides-generate wastes tha...

In response to a growing societal mandate, land disposal of hazardous wastes is gradually being replaced by treatment technologies. This shift to “alternative technologies” is the result of the impacts of past land disposd practices on other environmental media (groundwater, surface water, and air). A prime motivation for pdopting alternatives to land disposal is to eliminate these cross-media ...

Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) has been used in chemical synthesis as an alternative to hazardous solvents. According to some earlier investigation by others, CPME has low acute or subchronic toxicity with moderate irritation and negative mutagenicity and negative skin sensitization (Local Lymph Node Assay). Calculated Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) value of CPME obtained by our 28-day oral to...

Of late, graphene has occupied the attention of almost all researchers working globally in the area of materials science. Graphene nanocomposites are the latest additions to the wonder applications of graphene. One of the promising applications of the graphene-oxide nanocomposites is chemical sensing which is useful for monitoring the toxicity, inflammability, and explosive nature of chemicals....

This paper presents a bio-inspired controller capable of controlling a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to provide a visual representation of an invisible airborne hazardous substance such as a chemical cloud. By using this approach, the position of the individuals in the swarm of UAVs forms a distribution map without the need for transmitting sensor data to a base station for chemical ...