Slow or negative growth for many Asian countries in the late 1990’s affected U.S. exports of hardwood lumber to Asia. With many of these economies now on the mend, this study attempted to gain an initial understanding of how this crisis affected hardwood lumber exports to Asia and the extent to which export volumes have recovered. Trade statistics compiled by the U.S. Department of Commerce and...

This essay contends that allies are vital for counterterrorism, but what we ask of them and their institutional form is quite different from what was asked of traditional alliance partners during the Cold War and its immediate aftermath. Despite these differences, some of the alliance dilemmas that plagued the United States in the past are likely to remain, though they will have different manif...

In the political economy literature as applied to development, there is a tendency to view democracy in one-dimensional terms. In this essay we move away from this one-dimensional characterization. This broadening of the concept leads to a re-examination of the literature on the relation between long-term growth or development and democracy. With these two steps accomplished it becomes feasible...

Modern marriage markets display increasing turnover, with less marriage but more divorce and remarriage. As a consequence, a large number of children live in single parent and step parent households. There is substantial evidence that children of divorced parents do not perform as well as comparable children in intact families. However, there is also some evidence that this gap declines with th...

Hemophilia is a common hereditary coagulation blood disorder due to the deficiency activity of clotting factors. divided into two, namely hemophilia A and B. Among all treatments, standard half-life (SHL) extended (EHL) factor replacement products are most commonly used. This study aimed review real-world evidence on comparison SHL EHL. literature search was conducted in PubMed google scholar p...

Bioremediation, the process by which microorganisms degrade organic compounds to non-toxic or less toxic substances, has been widely used for cleanup of coastal ecosystems after oil spills. In this study, the hydrocarbon degradation rate and half lives in three bioremediation strategies (natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation) were compared in weathered crude oil (WCO) contami...