Electrochemical synthesis of NH3 is a carbon-free alternative to the traditional Haber–Bosch process. Obtaining from environmental pollutants, such as nitrates or nitrites, more practical route than nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) due difficult cleavage inert triple bond gas. Here, novel heterogeneous catalyst reported based on iron (Fe) single-atoms supported 2D MoS2 (Fe-MoS2) for nitrate (N...

Nitrogen (N) is an essential but generally limiting nutrient for biological systems. Development of the Haber-Bosch industrial process ammonia synthesis helped to relieve N limitation agricultural production, fueling Green Revolution and reducing hunger. However, massive use fertilizer has doubled moving through global cycle with dramatic environmental consequences that threaten planetary healt...

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is a sustainable alternative to the traditional Haber–Bosch process due its eco-friendly nature and capability of utilizing renewable energy. However, low Faradic efficiency (FE), caused by excessive adsorption protons, has been regarded as main challenge, which leads ammonia yield well. Herein, carbon-supported iron electrocatalyst reported, ...

Fortier, E., Alavi, M., Bruneau, J., Micallef, M., Perram, J., Sockalingam, S., Dunlop, A., Balcomb, A., Day, C., Haber, P., et al (2017). Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among People with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and a History of Injecting Drug Use in New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 11(1), 10-18. [M ...

The present study shows how the direct Gibbs free energy minimization technique is sometimes superior to the reaction coordinates—equilibrium constants method when the thermodynamic analysis of complex systems is performed. In this respect, the above two methods are applied for two different processes to determine their equilibrium compositions: (1) the Haber process: a simple problem consistin...

Future long-duration manned space flights will require regenerative life-support systems. The Bosch process is one of several alternative regenerative life-support systems presently being evaluated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 2H2 + CO2 = 2H20 + C Prototype Bosch units to reduce metabolic CO2 to carbon have been constructed and operated successfully with large recycle r...

In March 1908, the BASF at Ludwigshafen provided financial support to Fritz Haber in his attempt to synthesize ammonia from the elements. The process that now famously bears his name was demonstrated to BASF in July 1909. However, its engineer was Haber’s private assistant, Robert Le Rossignol, a young British chemist from the Channel Islands with whom Haber made a generous financial arrangemen...

When a body approaches equilibrium, energy tends to a minimum and entropy tends to a maximum. Often, or usually, the two tendencies favour different configurations of the body. Thus energy is deterministic in the sense that it favours fixed positions for the atoms, while entropy randomizes the positions. Both may exert considerable forces in the attempt to reach their objectives. Therefore they...

Nitrogen was the most commonly yield-limiting nutrient in all pre-industrial agricultures. Only the Haber-Bosch synthesis of ammonia broke this barrier. The rising dependence on nitrogenous fertilizers, which represents the largest human interference in the biospheric N cycle, has two different roles. In affluent nations it helps to produce excess of food in general, and of animal foods in part...