Executive Summary Electric-drive vehicles can become an important resource for the California electric utility system, with consequent air pollution, system reliability, and economic benefits. We refer to electric power resources from vehicles as "Vehicle to Grid" power (V2G). The economic value of some forms of V2G appear high, more than enough to offset the initially higher costs of electric-...

The actual research in terms of energy focuses drastically on the use green resources. Hydropower systems have been most known sources for years. However, hydropower systems, which are seasonal and exploited, do not cover speed increasing daily demand. injection solar power could be a supporting alternative, but it is only daylight, weather dependent intermittent. Therefore, storage system requ...

Over the past decade, there has been a great interest in changeover from cars powered by gasoline to electric vehicles, both within automotive industry and among customers. The vehicle–grid (V2G) technology is noteworthy innovation that enables battery of an vehicle during idling conditions or parked can function as energy source store release whenever required. This results exchange between gr...

In recent years, advancements in electric vehicle (EV) technology and rising petrol prices have increased the demand for EVs also made them important Smart Grid (SG) economy. During high energy demand, Vehicle to (V2G) comprises a notable feature that returns stored back grid. However, due dynamic nature of availability, determining best charging discharging strategy is quite difficult. The exi...

The Capacity Value Ratio (CVR), or the part of its capacity that a technology can supply during peak residual load hours, is an important concept in context future resource adequacy. Especially for distributed resources, this still underexplored territory. In research, we investigate reduction potential on both distribution and transmission system level community battery coupled with photovolta...

Abstract The transport sector is responsible for 25% of global CO 2 emissions. To reduce emissions in the EU, a shift from currently 745,000 operating public buses to electric (EBs) expected coming years. Large-scale deployments EBs and electrification bus depots will have considerable impact on local grid, potentially creating network congestion problems spikes energy load. In this work, we im...

Most utilities across the world already have demand response (DR) programs in place to incentivise consumers reduce or shift their electricity consumption from peak periods off-peak hours usually financial incentives. With increasing electrification of vehicles, emerging technologies such as vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-home (V2H) potential offer a broad range benefits services achieve ...

Global automakers are speeding up both the suspension of production internal combustion engine vehicles and transition to electric (EVs) in order respond global goals become carbon-free energy-efficient. Recently, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology has reached commercialization stage Korea. Many studies have mostly discussed profits that an EV owner can make by participating a regulation program....

Fossil energy consumption and environmental protection issues have pushed electric vehicles (EVs) to become one of the alternatives traditional fossil-fuel vehicles. EV refers a vehicle that uses as power is driven by an motor. The EVs stored in batteries. When not traveling, battery can provide for other loads. Therefore, with increase number load grid, EV-to-grid (V2G) mode, which supply has ...

The use of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs), along with technological advances in battery energy storage systems (BESS), offers numerous technical and economic benefits to the smart distribution system. Parking lots not only provide EV owners opportunity charge their BESS but also contribute power grid via vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, which significantly improves reliability systems. In...