Use of remote sensing techniques for detection of crop stress due to pests and diseases is based on the assumption that stresses induced by them interfere with photosynthesis and physical structure of the plant, affect absorption of light energy and thus alter the reflectance spectrum of plants. Field experiments were conducted to detect and estimate damage caused by sucking pests in cotton (cv...

Lieber (Morphology and lexical semantics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004; A lexical semantic approach to compounding. In: Lieber R, Štekauer P (eds) The Oxford handbook of compounding, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009) suggests that semantic-encyclopedic knowledge plays an important role in determining the meaning of a compound. In this chapter, we discuss psycholinguistic res...

Plant sap-feeding insects and blood-feeding parasites are frequently depleted in (15)N relative to their diet. Unfortunately, most fluid-feeder/host nitrogen stable-isotope studies simply report stable-isotope signatures, but few attempt to elucidate the mechanism of isotopic trophic depletion. Here we address this deficit by investigating the nitrogen stable-isotope dynamics of a fluid-feeding...

BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) plays important roles in induced defense against fungal and bacterial pathogens in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Its tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) homolog is required for host plant resistance to a chewing insect herbivore. However, it remains unknown whether BIK1 functions in plant defense against aphids, a group of insects with a specialized phloem sap-fe...

Th e aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of apple purees of four diff erent apple varieties: ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Idared’, ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Cripps Pink’, in the fresh state (FP) and aft er thermal treatment by process of pasteurization with added green (PG) or white stevia powder (PW) derived from the leaves of the stevia plant. Also, to determine whether there is a signifi...

The tea aphid, Toxoptera aurantii Boyer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae). The attraction of the aphids to different colors and volatile compounds from tea shoots was investigated. Fourteen compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from headspace samples of intact tea shoot volatiles (ITSV). Electroph...

In 2008 the efficacy of three environmentally friendly substances against apple aphid (Aphis pomi) was tested. The selected substances were cinnamic acid and two plant extracts, namely glicolic extract of comfrey (Symphytum officinale) and fluid extract of marigold (Calendula officinalis). All of the substances were tested at 0.5, 1 and 5 % concentrations. The individuals of apple aphids were c...

Development of alternative methods for pest management is needed with the increased concern for adverse effects of pesticides for human health and the environment. The main goal of our study was to test the oil from seeds of sugar apple (Annona squamosa), an edible tropical fruit for pest control. The oil pressed out of seeds was as effective in controlling the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia arge...

It takes at least several months from the suspicion of amyloidosis to diagnosis. This delays start specific therapy. Diagnosis should consist not only in differential diagnosis and confirmation diagnosis, but also determining type amyloidosis. The case report is interesting that paraclinical diagnostics determined picture characteristic ATTR-amyloidosis with involvement peripheral nervous syste...

At a concentration of 0.025% (w/v) chitosan-chloride inhibited spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, and Candida saitoana. In contrast, at 0.5% (w/v) glycolchitosan inhibited spore germination of B. cinerea and P. expansum, but not the growth of C. saitoana in vitro or in apple wounds. The combination of C. saitoana with 0.2% glycolchitosan was more effective in controlli...