Systematically mapped samples cut from lungs previously labeled with intravascular and aerosol microspheres can be used to create high-resolution maps of regional perfusion and regional ventilation. With multiple radioactive or fluorescent microsphere labels available, this methodology can compare regional flow responses to different interventions without partial volume effects or registration ...

The saturation mechanism of Magneto-Rotational Instability (MRI) is examined through analytical quasilinear theory and through nonlinear computation of a single mode in a rotating disk. We find that large-scale magnetic field is generated through the alpha effect (the correlated product of velocity and magnetic field fluctuations) and causes the MRI mode to saturate. If the large-scale plasma f...

Impedance may be defined as a measure of the amplitude and phase of opposition to the flow of a current. Impedance is a fundamental concept, of universal validity. Impedances govern energy flow. Classical or quantum impedances, geometric or topological, scale invariant or scale dependent, fermionic or bosonic, mechanical or electromagnetic or gravitational impedance matching governs the flow of...

Experiments investigating the behavior of individual, gravitydriven fingers in an initially dry, rough-walled analog fracture are presented. Fingers were initiated from constant flow to a point source. Finger structure is described in detail; specific phenomena observed include: desaturation behind the fingertip, variation in finger path, intermittent flow structures, finger-tip bifurcation, an...

We investigate the role of gravity on convection in a dense granular shear flow. Using a microgravity-modified Taylor-Couette shear cell under the conditions of parabolic flight microgravity, we demonstrate experimentally that secondary, convective-like flows in a sheared granular material are close to zero in microgravity and enhanced under high-gravity conditions, though the primary flow fiel...

• Changes in posture are almost instantaneously associated with cardiovascular alterations, the nature of many of which has not yet been entirely elucidated. Several studies have demonstrated that the assumption of the erect from the recumbent posture is associated with changes in the position of the heart and diaphragm and a decline in cardiac output. Experimental investigations have shown tha...

We obtain global solutions of radiatively inefficiently accretion flows around black holes. Whether and where convection develops in a flow are self-consistently determined with the mixing-length theory. The solutions can be divided into three types according to the strength of normal viscosity. Type I solution corresponds to large viscosity parameter α>∼ 0.1, which is purely advectiondominated...

The commonly used British Standard constant head triaxial permeability test for testing of finegrained soils is relatively time consuming. A reduction in the required time for soil permeability testing would provide potential cost savings to the construction industry, particularly in the construction quality assurance of landfill clay liners. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate an alternat...

The four observables associated with gravitational lensing of distant quasars by intervening galaxies: image splittings, relative amplifications, time delays, and optical depths, provide separate measures of the strength of the gravitational constant G at cosmological distances. These allow one, in principle, to factor out unknown lensing parameters to directly to probe the variation of G over ...

We discuss in detail the semiclassical approximation for the CGHS model of two-dimensional dilatonic black holes. This is achieved by a formal expansion of the full Wheeler-DeWitt equation and the momentum constraint in powers of the gravitational constant. In highest order, the classical CGHS solution is recovered. The next order yields a functional Schrödinger equation for quantum fields prop...