Since its first release in 2001 as mainly a software package for phylogenetic analysis, data analysis for molecular biology and evolution (DAMBE) has gained many new functions that may be classified into six categories: 1) sequence retrieval, editing, manipulation, and conversion among more than 20 standard sequence formats including MEGA, NEXUS, PHYLIP, GenBank, and the new NeXML format for in...

Since its first release in 2001 as mainly a software package for phylogenetic analysis, data analysis for molecular biology and evolution (DAMBE) has gained many new functions that may be classified into six categories: 1) sequence retrieval, editing, manipulation, and conversion among more than 20 standard sequence formats including MEGA, NEXUS, PHYLIP, GenBank, and the new NeXML format for in...

Multiple names that refer to a single species (synonyms) and more than one species being referred to by the same name (homonyms) bedevil taxonomy. They produce ambiguity about the entity under discussion. Syngraph is a computer application that organizes information about synonyms and homonyms. It can track different names that potentially have been applied to the same species, or identical nam...

Background: Dynamic subaortic stenosis occurs in differing situations, commonly with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Regardless of the underlying cause, the resulting murmurs usually possess a characteristic sound spectral pattern, manifesting a sharp and high frequency peak occurring late in systole, often bearing a striking resemblance to the subaortic Doppler flow pattern. Methods: Murmurs foun...

When generating guidelines, quality of evidence is frequently reported in tabulated form capturing several domains, for example, study design, risk of bias and heterogeneity. Increasingly, this is done using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. As assimilating large amount of tabulated data across several comparisons and outcomes spread over many pages...

Up till now designers often employed the principle “more is better” so they included any kind of information they could think of together with the items they were tasked to include, then transferred it all in detail. The end-result was the incorporation of all available data without considering the characteristics of the medium or the user. A smart graphic, however, puts a greater challenge on ...

RegulonDB is the internationally recognized reference database of Escherichia coli K-12 offering curated knowledge of the regulatory network and operon organization. It is currently the largest electronically-encoded database of the regulatory network of any free-living organism. We present here the recently launched RegulonDB version 5.0 radically different in content, interface design and cap...

Three experiments examined how bottom-up and top-down processes interact when people view and make inferences from complex visual displays (weather maps). Bottom-up effects of display design were investigated by manipulating the relative visual salience of task-relevant and task-irrelevant information across different maps. Top-down effects of domain knowledge were investigated by examining per...

Based on state-of-the-art graphic-simplification techniques and progressive image-coding schemes, we propose a new hierarchical three-dimensional graphic-compression scheme in this research. This scheme progressively compresses an arbitrary polygonal mesh into a single bitstream. Along the encoding process, every output bit contributes to the reduction of coding distortion, and the contribution...