Though accelerometers have been used to monitor the deformation/deflection of large structures after they are built, relative displacements between different parts of the structure during severe weather conditions cannot be measured accurately due to the lower band limit of accelerometers. Therefore, the current design of large structures can only be termed as being of a "partially closed-loop ...

During the last decade a number of airborne experiments have been performed to study feasibility of GPS reflection technique to measure ocean surface winds (see, e.g. [1-3]). From a theoretical model [4] it follows that the characteristics of reflected signals, such as the shape of the correlation waveform, can be related to the rms of L-band limited surface slopes, and from there, to a near-su...

An effective technique for real-time differential orbit determination with GPS bias fixing is formulated. With this technique, only real-time GPS orbits and clocks are needed (available from the NASA Global Differential GPS System with 10–20 cm accuracy). The onboard, realtime orbital states of user satellites (few meters in accuracy) are used for orbit initialization and integration. An extend...

The microstrip antennas area has seen some inventive work in recent years and is now one of the most dynamic fields of antenna theory. A novel and simple wideband monopole antenna is presented printed on a single dielectric substrate which is fed by a 50 ohm microstrip line having a low-profile antenna structure with two parallel s-shaped meandered line of same size. This antenna is fed by a co...

In a GPS receiver, the goal of the signal tracking is to synchronize local generated code and carrier with the received signal. After a step of acquisition, the receiver tracks the shifting of the local code provoked by the movements of the receiver and satellites. In the future evolution of the GPS, the system will have several carrier frequencies, then it will be possible to have several trac...

Design of Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver with a low noise amplifier (LNA) in the front end remains a major design requirement for the success of modern day navigation and communication system. Any LNA is expected to meet the requirements like its ability to add the least amount of noise while providing sufficient gain, perfect input and output matching, and high linearity. However, mo...

In this paper Raman-parametric amplifier has been investigated for long haul Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed (DWDM), L-band transmission. The performance of the proposed hybrid model has been compared in terms of signal gain and OSNR with FOPA and EDFA FOPA. Feasibility of Raman-FOPA for future long haul extended DWDM systems has been explored. Results indicate an achievable OSNR of 28 dB...

The investigations on a new proximity coupled dualfrequency microstrip antenna, which can be operated at GPS and Bluetooth frequency bands of wireless communication, are reported. The patch geometry consists of two square sections joined at the common corners and proximity coupled by a microstrip line. The results show that the antenna has sufficient bandwidth and gain necessary for the above f...

Over the past decade, interest has grown in using haptic cues to aid navigation, both for people with visual impairments and for people with normal vision walking in unfamiliar environments. Many devices offer GPS-based audio instructions, but haptic cues are appealing because they’re private and more practical in noisy environments. Numerous wearable devices based on vibrating motors have been...