We study how government green procurement policies influence private-sector demand for similar products. Specifically, we measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the US Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard. Using matching methods, panel data, and instrumental varia...

Note. This original form of this rebuttal was submitted to Science on 3 March 2017 (limited to 300 words as per Science editorial policy) but rejected on 13 March 2017. Herein, we elaborate on our original Science submission in order to more fully address the issue without the length limitations. This rebuttal is followed by the list of the signatories who supported our original submission.

This paper proposes a conceptual model that groups different factors that can influence relationships between government agencies. The model is based on a systematic literature review of published papers related to Government-to-Government (G2G) relationships. Through analysis of selected papers, we identified, classified, and organized factors that may impact relationships between government a...

Are optimal monetary and fiscal policies time consistent in a monetary economy? Yes, but if and only if under commitment the Friedman rule of setting nominal interest rates to zero is optimal. This result is of applied interest because the Friedman rule is optimal for the standard preferences used in applied work, those consistent with the growth facts. ∗Alvarez, University of Chicago, Universi...

EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS REDISTRIBUTE income among their citizens on a much larger scale than does the U.S. government. European social programs are more generous and reach a larger share of citizens. European tax systems are more progressive. European regulations designed to protect the poor are more intrusive. In this paper we try to understand why. The literature on the size of government is ric...

Using a novel dataset of accounting and market information that spans most publicly traded nonfinancial firms over the last century, we show that U.S. federal government debt issuance significantly affects corporate financial policies and balance sheets through its impact on investors’ portfolio allocations and the relative pricing of different assets. Government debt is strongly negatively cor...

Assuming a no arbitrage environment, this article analyses the role of the government in the context of company valuation when …rms follow di¤erent …nancial policies. For the two analyzed …nancial policies, the tax authority’s required returns and the value of tax payments are derived. Based on these results, we study the risk sharing e¤ects between equity owners and the government. It is shown...

malaysia, as a small and developing country, must reduce carbon emissions because the country is one of the top co2-emitting countries in the asean region. therefore, the current study implements two environmental tax policies; carbon and energy taxes, in order to examine the impacts of these policies on the reduction of carbon emission in the whole of the economy by applying a computable gener...

the main goal of this research was an evaluate of wheat production's support policy in iran. for the purpose, producer support estimate (pse) indicator, which is an indication of the extent of direct and indirect government support for wheat producers, was used for the duration of 1989-2004 period. results showed that this indicator increased from -126 billion rls (local currency) in 1989 ...

maldistribution of health professionals between urban and rural areas has been a serious problem in china. urban hospitals attract most of the health professionals with serious shortages in rural areas. to address this issue, a number of policies have been implemented by the government, such as free medical education in exchange for obligatory rural service.