Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are oral hypoglycemic agents used to treat patients with diabetes mellitus. SGLT2 inhibitors block reabsorption of filtered glucose by inhibiting SGLT2, the primary glucose transporter in the proximal tubular cell (PTC), leading to glycosuria and lowering of serum glucose. We examined the renoprotective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor empaglifloz...

Metformin is recommended as a first-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, many patients do not achieve glycemic goals with metformin monotherapy and require subsequent combination therapy with other antihyperglycemic agents (AHAs). For newly diagnosed patients with high blood glucose, initial combination therapy may be required to achieve glycemic control. The...

Diabetic renal disease is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. A combination of hyperglycaemia and hypertension drives the development and progression of diabetic renal disease, with glomerular hyperfiltration being an early manifestation of the disease process. Sodiumglucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors ...

PURPOSE Mesangial cells play an important role in regulating glomerular filtration by altering their cellular tone. We report the presence of a sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) in rat mesangial cells. This study in rat mesangial cells aimed to evaluate the expression and role of SGLT2. METHODS The SGLT2 expression in rat mesangial cells was assessed by Western blotting and reverse transcri...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive chronic disease associated with severe microvascular and macrovascular complications. Our aim is to assess the real world effectiveness of SGT" inhibitors in achieving metabolic therapeutic goals. METHODS A retrospective, observational study. Inclusion criteria for patients were a previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, age >...

Type 2 diabetes is among the most important and prevalent chronic diseases, and any novel therapy that is able to address chronic hyperglycaemia is welcome as another tool for clinicians to help prevent the development of diabetic complications [1]. It is widely recommended that, if lifestyle interventions are inadequate, the first line of drug treatment is metformin, followed by a sulphonylure...

Abstract Background and purpose Treatment effects from the large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) in diabetes are almost exclusively communicated as hazard ratios, although reporting guidelines recommend to report treatment also on an absolute scale, e.g. numbers needed treat (NNT). We aimed analyze NNT CVOTs of novel oral antidiabetic drugs comparing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibit...

The increased prevalence of Diabetes mellitus, the comorbid associations and complications among global population has led to a dependency for treatment options with multiple modalities. One such option is SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) class drugs. SGLT2i have been demonstrated improve glycemic control while providing cardiovascular (CV) renal benefits in patients T2DM. inhibitors comprising canagli...

i n the United States, 8% of our population has been diagnosed with diabetes, and 4% has diabetes that remains undiagnosed. Current projections suggest that the prevalence of diabetes will increase to 20–30% of the population by 2050 (1). Diabetes is, and will remain, a primary care medical issue, with >80% of patients with type 2 diabetes being managed by primary care providers (PCPs). Althoug...