BACKGROUND A strict and lifelong gluten-free diet is the only treatment of celiac disease. Gluten contamination has been frequently reported in nominally gluten-free products. The aim of this study was to test the level of gluten contamination in gluten-free products currently available in the Italian market. METHOD A total of 200 commercially available gluten-free products (including both na...

The nutritional value of gluten-free products is the subject of interest for food technologists and nutritionists, as the only effective treatment for celiac disease is a lifelong gluten-free diet. As selenium deficiencies in celiac disease are observed, the aim of the study was to determine the selenium content in 27 grain gluten-free products available on the European Union (EU) market. Moreo...

Celiac disease is an immune mediated disorder elicited by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible person and associated with some HLA subtypes. It is characterized by chronic inflammation of small intestine associated with villous atrophy. Symptoms usually appear when weaning from breast milk is done and gluten is introduced in diet. Failures to thrive, chronic diarrhea, vomiting abd...

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder induced by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals who carry the HLA-DQ2 or DQ-8 alleles.1 This autoimmune disorder affects the small bowel and often produces symptoms of diarrhea, malabsorption, and extraintestinal symptoms.1 Although CD was once thought to be a disease manifesting during childhood, studies have shown that th...

Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. In celiac disease, adaptive and innate immune activation results in intestinal damage and a wide range of clinical manifestations. In the past, celiac disease was thought to result in signs and symptoms solely related to the gastrointestinal tract. Now, more than half of the adult population pre...

The importance of the gut microbiota (GM) in disease development has recently received increased attention, and numerous approaches have been made to better understand this important interplay. For example, metabolites derived from the GM have been shown to promote atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to increase CVD risk factors. Popular interest in the ro...

A migration inhibition test was used to assess sensitisation of blood leucocytes, and thus cell-mediated immunity, to gluten fraction III in controls and patients with coeliac disease. Migration indices were significantly less (indicating sensitisation) in untreated and in treated patients than in controls, and significantly less in treated patients than in untreated patients. At a concentratio...

BACKGROUND Coeliac disease is a common, autoimmune disorder, for which the only treatment is lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. This study evaluates the economic burden of adhering to a gluten-free diet. METHODS A market basket of products identified by name brand, weight or package size for both regular wheat-based products and gluten-free counterparts was developed. The differences i...

The treatment for celiac disease, a removal of gluten in the diet, is safe and effective for the vast majority of patients. There is a large body of evidence that the diagnosis and treatment of those with celiac disease ensures considerable health benefits. Although a gluten-free diet is the principal treatment for celiac disease, it is relatively expensive, inconvenient and difficult to adhere...

This is a selective review of the literature concerning the methods of celiac disease treatment, which can be an alternative to a gluten-free diet. The most advanced studies are devoted to the larazotide acetate (AT-1001, human zonulin inhibitor) and prolyl-endopeptidases degrading toxic gluten peptides (ALV003, AN-PEP). It is estimated that they will be registered within a few years. They will...