introduction: worldwide, every year, many people undergo spinal cord injury which is of the worst health problems and is followed by several secondary complications. today, more than half of the world population is in danger of natural disasters such as earthquake, which is one of the causes of spinal cord injuries outbreak. earthquake in bam also caused many spinal cord injured people for whom...

OBJECTIVE To estimate post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in those injured and not injured by landmines or unexploded ordnance (UXO) in rural Lao People's Democratic Republic and to determine whether the perception of social support was associated with PTSD symptom severity. METHODS A community survey was conducted among 190 people injured by landmines or UXO and 380 age-, sex- and...

BACKGROUND Political conflicts in Bangkok, Thailand have caused mass casualties, especially the latest event April 10, 2010, in which many military personnel were injured. Most of them were transferred to Phramongkutklao Hospital, the largest military hospital in Thailand. The current study aimed to assess factors influencing Injury Severity Score (ISS) regarding Thai military personnel injured...

In this paper the mathematical relationship between the number of times people sustained injuries and the number of people injured is discussed. The number of injury-causing events in a population will be larger than the number of people injured as people can be injured on more than one occasion. The Poisson distribution is used as a way to study the relationship between the two different sets ...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the 12-month hospitalised morbidity and mortality attributable to traumatic injury using a population-based matched cohort in Australia. SETTING New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Individuals ≥18 years who had an injury-related hospital admission in 2009 formed the injured cohort. The non-injured comparison cohort was randomly sel...

Rescue behavior focused on injured individuals has rarely been observed in animals. These observations though are from very different taxa's: birds, mammals and social insects. Here we discuss likely antecedents to rescue behaviors in ants, like social carrying and alarm pheromones. We then compare similarities and preconditions necessary for rescue behavior focused on injured individuals to ev...

A recent $1 million award by an Illinois jury to a welder was the first plaintiff victory in a welding rod failure-to-warn suit and many similar cases are expected to follow. In the case of Elam v. AO Smith et. al., the jury concluded that the manganese in welding fumes caused a 65-year old worker to develop a neurological disorder similar to Parkinson’s disease (i.e., Manganism). Since there a...

The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive pest from Asia that feeds on many agricultural crops in the United States, including blueberries. Yet, the effects of H. halys feeding on fruit chemistry and induced resistance to insects remain unknown. Here we hypothesized that frugivory by H. halys changes fruit chemical composition, which in turn affects insect feeding...