Glucose oxidase is an important enzyme hydrolyzing for its hydrolyzing activity on glucos. It possesses and has a wide board of applications in different industries such as bakery, pharmaceutical, plant pathology and biosensors. In this study, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was transformed successfully by the glucose oxidase gene (gox) obtained from Penicillium funicolusum. The secreted gluco...

Previously we reported that stable transfection of human UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (hUGP2) rescued galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT)-deficient yeast from "galactose toxicity." Here we test in human cell lines the hypothesis that galactose toxicity was caused by excess accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P), inhibition of hUGP2, and UDP-hexose deficiency. We found that ...

It is generally agreed that blood glucose is the major source of carbon for the synthesis of both hexose portions of lactose by the mammary gland (1, 2), but the exact mechanism of lactose synthesis remains in doubt. An abridged outline of some possible pathways of labeled carbon in the biosynthesis of lactose is presented in Fig. 1. In Reaction A of Fig. 1, uridine diphosphate galactose is the...

The capacity of intestinal lactase (EC 3.2.1.23) of piglets to hydrolyse lactose in vivo was investigated by measuring the response of blood galactose to doses of lactose, galactose plus glucose and both whole and skimmed milk. Following the administration of oral doses of lactose dissolved in water to piglets from 2 to 18 d of age the adjusted galactose area under the curve (AUC) was between 1...

Investigations into pharmaceutical intervention of pancreatic and hepatic dysfunction associated with metabolic disturbances have received relatively little attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of exendin-4 in mice receiving D-galactose, a reducing sugar that triggers ROS production and inflammatory mediators affecting the pancreas and liver. Exendin-4 is a...

The synthesis of non-cellulosic polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the plant cell Golgi apparatus requires UDP-galactose as substrate. The topology of these reactions is not known, although the orientation of a plant galactosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of galactomannans in fenugreek is consistent with a requirement for UDP-galactose in the lumen of the Golgi cisternae. Here we ...

The interpretation of oral glucose tolerance tests is complicated by varying individual rates of absorption from the intestinal tract. Intravenous tests eliminate the absorption factor, but there is evidence that they may be less sensitive than oral tests in detecting impaired tolerance (Moyer and Womack, 1950). It was considered that a galactose tolerance test performed in parallel with a gluc...

Mature green tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv ;Rutgers') were infiltrated with 0.5 milliliters of sterilized, distilled water alone, or containing enough glucose or galactose to allow for a concentration of 400 micrograms per gram fresh weight after infiltration. All fruit showed a transient peak of ethylene production within 6 hours due to the slight wounding by vacuum infiltrati...

While Pseudomonas putida KT2440 has great potential for biomass-converting processes, its inability to utilize the biomass abundant sugars xylose and galactose limited applications. In this study, we utilized Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) optimize engineered with heterologous expression of xylD encoding xylonate dehydratase from Caulobacter crescentus galETKM UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, gala...