Bi-subject kinship verification addresses the problem of verifying whether there exists some kind of kin relationship (i.e., father–son, father-daughter, mother–son and mother–daughter) between a pair of parent–child subjects based purely on their visual appearance. The task is challenging due to the involvement of two different subjects possibly with different genders and ages. In addition, co...

The hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) is known to undergo synaptic remodeling in response to physiological stimuli, such as lactation. We here investigated the involvement of the GABAergic innervation in such plasticity by carrying out comparative ultrastructural analyses after postembedding immunogold labeling for GABA on sections of the SON from virgin and lactating rats. Using random sin...

Nucleus magnocellularis (NM), nucleus angularis (NA), and nucleus laminaris (NL), second- and third-order auditory neurons in the avian brainstem, receive GABAergic input primarily from the superior olivary nucleus (SON). Previous studies have demonstrated that both GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors (GABA(B)Rs) influence physiological properties of NM neurons. We characterized the distribution of G...