Growth hormone (GH) signaling is essential for postnatal linear bone growth, but the relative importance of GHs actions on the liver and/or growth plate cartilage remains unclear. The importance of liver derived insulin like-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) for endochondral growth has recently been challenged. Here, we investigate linear growth in Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-2 (SOCS2) knockout mice...

OBJECTIVE Evidence from long-term clinical studies measuring urinary steroid ratios, and from in vitro studies, suggests that GH administered for longer than 2 months down-regulates 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1), thereby reducing cortisol regeneration in liver and adipose tissue. We aimed to measure acute effects of GH on 11beta-HSD1 in liver and adipose tissue in viv...

Pulsatile GH secretion is exquisitely sensitive to perturbations in nutritional status, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Leptin, a recently discovered adipose cell hormone, is thought to be a sensor of energy stores and to regulate body mass, appetite, and metabolism at the level of the brain. Receptors for leptin are abundantly expressed in hypothalamic nuclei known to be inv...

Growth hormone (GH) responses to growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GRH) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were studied in 17 diabetic patients. Ten patients (group 1) had retinopathy corresponding to stage III-V (Scott's classification), and the remaining seven patients (group 2) had no retinopathy despite longer duration of diabetes in comparison with the patients in group 1. There were ...

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), a 19-amino acid orexigenic (appetite-stimulating) hypothalamic peptide, is an important regulator of energy homeostasis. It is cleaved from its precursor prepro-MCH (ppMCH) along with several other neuropeptides whose roles are not fully defined. Because pituitary hormones such as growth hormone (GH), ACTH, and thyroid-stimulating hormone affect body weight ...

The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and growth hormone (GH) on cellular H(+) efflux rate (extracellular acidification rate) and Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) in cloned bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) raised from the mammary gland of a 26-day-pregnant Holstein heifer. Perifusion of 2-day cultured cells with a ...

We report the case of a 7-year-old patient of short stature who had normal GH secretion, but a very low serum IGF-I level. On admittance, his height and weight were 102.2 cm (-3.8S.D.) and 15.7 kg (-1.8S.D.), respectively. His bone age was 2 years and 8 months. The serum GH responses to insulin, glucagon and L-dopa were all normal. GH secretion during sleep was also normal, but the serum IGF-I ...

BACKGROUND Release of growth hormone (GH), putatively through alterations in insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, has been implicated to influence left ventricular (LV) myocardial structure and function. The objective of this study was to determine contributory mechanisms by which GH supplementation may influence LV function with the development of congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS A...

The intracellular signaling molecule STAT5 is activated in rat liver by the intermittent male plasma GH pattern to a 10-fold higher level than by the more continuous pattern of plasma GH stimulation seen in females. Individual adult male rats are presently shown to exhibit large differences in liver STAT5 DNA-binding activity, which correlates with the presence of significant levels of GH in pl...

CONTEXT Epidemiological studies have indicated that high serum levels of GH and IGF-I are associated with long-term risks. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the changes in serum levels of GH during overnight profiles, IGF-I, and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in short small for gestational age (SGA) children during GH treatment with two doses. PATIENTS Thirty-six prepube...