(How and why to measure the germination process?). In the last two centuries, papers have been published including measurements of the germination process. High diversity of mathematical expressions has made comparisons between papers and some times the interpretation of results difficult. Thus, in this paper is included a review about measurements of the germination process, with an analysis o...

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), which include raffinose and stachyose, are thought to be an important source of energy during seed germination. In contrast to their potential for promoting germination, RFOs represent anti-nutritional units for monogastric animals when consumed as a component of feed. The exact role for RFOs during soybean seed development and germination has not been ...

Seed germination is sensitive to glucose (Glc), nitric oxide (NO) and polyamine (PA). To elucidate whether cross-talk among Glc, NO and PAs occurs in mediation of seed germination, effects of Glc, NO and spermine on seed germination of Lotus japonicus were studied. Glc retarded seed germination in a concentration-dependent manner. NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alleviated Glc-induced inhib...

The present investigation attempted to assess the impact of seed pre-treatments on the germination of Crotalaria persica (Burm. f.) Merr and Tephrosia apollinea (L) Pers. Equally important was our investigation to quantitatively compare different germination parameters used for seed germination studies. The results showed that the final germination was highest for both species under chipping (C...

This paper presents evidence that plant brassinosteroid (BR) hormones play a role in promoting germination. It has long been recognized that seed dormancy and germination are regulated by the plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA). These two hormones act antagonistically with each other. ABA induces seed dormancy in maturing embryos and inhibits germination of seeds. GA breaks ...

Due to the side effects of chemical drugs, the use of medicinal plants has increased in recent years. In this study, in order to select suitable medicinal plants for planting in the soil of Fars Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, the seed germination characteristics of twenty medical plants were examined. These germination parameters include germination percentage, germinat...

Two field experiments in 1993 and 1994 as well as a laboratory germination experiment were conducted on the Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 75 (Gossypium barbadense) to determine the effect of six concentrations of kinetin (6-furfurylaminopurine) ranging from 0 to 10.0 mg l(-1) and three different methods of application: (A) seeds were soaked for 24 h before germination (laboratory experiment) or...

Seed irradiation during pre-sowing processes is one of the most effective methods to improve the plant production. This investigation was carried out to determine the effects of ionizing radiation on germination and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings. Therefore two separate experiments were, therefore, conducted 1. Using the filter paper method to assess the germination and rate a...

105 inTroducTion Civilian Tactical Emergency Medical Support (TEMS) has a long history in the United States. Enormous progress has been made during the past ten years in developing professional and operational standards within the field. However, to date, there still exists no standard of care within TEMS specifically, and more broadly for high threat pre-hospital trauma care. Current civilian ...

Eiman Zargaran, MD, MHSc, Lauren Adolph, Nadine Schuurman, PhD, Larissa Roux, MD, PhD, Damon Ramsey, MD, Richard Simons, MB, BChir, Richard Spence, MD, Andrew J. Nicol, MD, PhD, Pradeep Navsaria, MD, Juan Carlos Puyana, MD, Neil Parry, MD, Lynne Moore, PhD, Michel Aboutanos, MD, MPH, Natalie Yanchar, MD, Tarek Razek, MD, Chad G. Ball, MD, MSc, and S. Morad Hameed, MD, MPH, for the Trauma Associ...