This paper constructs a Bewley model, a dynamic general equilibrium model of heterogeneous households with production, which accounts for the Pareto distributions of income and wealth. We emphasize the role played by concavity of the consumption function in generating the Pareto distribution. We show that the Pareto distribution is obtained when households face idiosyncratic investment shocks o...

This paper analyzes entrepreneurs in South Africa‘s informal sector. The aim is to determine the extent to which African informal retail trade spawns viable enterprises. To assess the prospects for South Africa‘s informal retail sector, questionnaires were obtained from owners of small-scale establishments in random sample taken throughout the country in 2007. Owner salary and sales data provid...

Resin producing agroforestry in the Krui area of Sumatra in Indonesia is presented as an environmentally friendly, income generating land-use system which contributes to both development and conservation objectives. We studied the change in household income portfolios in three communities in the Krui area. The studies revealed that in the period 1995–2004 agroforestry remained the main source o...

Growing polarization in the American Congress is closely related to rising income inequality. Yet there has been no corresponding polarization of the U.S. electorate, and across advanced democracies, mass polarization is negatively related to income inequality. To explain this puzzle, we propose a comparative political economy model of mass polarization in which the same institutional factors t...

Dairying has become an important secondary source of income for millions of rural families and has assumed a most important role in providing employment and income generating opportunity. There has been tremendous progress in dairy production in the country during the last three decades and it has contributed to national income significantly At present milk production in India is about 109.8 mi...

Whereas there is ample evidence that the Self-Help Groups (SHG) approach a very effective, efficient, and relevant tool for organizing empowering poor, do arise with design, development, introduction of programs to promote income-generating activities (IGAs) will generate sufficient, sustainable regular income. Mahabubnagar district one 33 districts in Indian state Telangana. The situated South...

In this work we study numbers and polynomials generated by two type of composition of generating functions and get their explicit formulae. Furthermore we state an improvementof the composita formulae's given in [6] and [3], using the new composita formula's we construct a variety of combinatorics identities. This study go alone to dene new family of generalized Bernoulli polynomials which incl...