This paper deals with different chain graph interpretations and the relations between them in terms of representable independence models. Specifically, we study the Lauritzen-Wermuth-Frydenberg, Andersson-Madigan-Pearlman and multivariate regression interpretations and present the necessary and sufficient conditions for when a chain graph of one interpretation can be perfectly translated into a...

Credit Unions have been exposed to a challenging economic environment over the past several years. The turmoil has been marked by numerous failures and consolidations within the Credit Union industry, coupled with increased regulatory scrutiny. However, some Credit Unions have fared better than others. Variation in the performance of Credit Unions, each exposed to a relatively similar economic ...

A probability distribution for values of the effective climate sensitivity, with a lower bound of 1.6 K (5th percentile), is obtained on the basis of the increase in ocean heat content in recent decades from analyses of observed interior-ocean temperature changes, surface temperature changes measured since 1860, and estimates of anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing of the climate system....

Abstract Drawdown/regret times feature prominently in optimal stopping problems, statistics (CUSUM procedure), and mathematical finance (Russian options). Recently it was discovered that a first passage theory with more general drawdown times, which generalize classic ruin may be explicitly developed for spectrally negative Lévy processes [9, 20]. In this paper we further examine the drawdown-r...