Climate models are generally calibrated manually by comparing selected climate statistics, such as the global top-of-atmosphere energy balance, to observations. The manual tuning only targets a limited subset of observational data and parameters. Bayesian calibration can estimate model parameters their uncertainty using larger fraction available automatically exploring parameter space more broa...

The structure of the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in the GEOS-2 General Circulation Model (GCM) is discussed. The emphasis of this study is on the reality of monthly-mean temperature and water vapor distributions in the model, compared to reasonable observational estimates. It is shown that although the zonal-mean temperature is in good agreement with observations, the GCM ...

Monsoons are prominent features of the atmospheric tropical circulation, affecting the climate of nearly one quarter of the globe and sustaining more than one half of the human population in regions with rapidly growing economies. With projected increases in population and pressure for food security, understanding how monsoons will change with changing climate is both a priority and a major cha...

Climate change information is essential for water resources management planning, and the majority of research available uses the global circulation model (GCM) data to project future water balance. Despite the fact that the results of various GCMs are still heterogeneous, it is common to utilize GCM values directly in climate change impact assessment models. To mitigate these limitations, this ...

[1] In the paper ‘‘Single-layer axisymmetric model for a Hadley circulation with parameterized eddy momentum forcing’’ by Adam H. Sobel and Tapio Schneider (Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 1, 10, doi:10.3894/ JAMES.2009.1.10., 2009) [hereinafter referred to as SS09], we presented an axisymmetric single-layer model for Hadley circulations with parameterized eddy momentum fluxes. R...

Flood is one of the most calamitous natural disasters that causes extensive property and life damages across theworld. It however, could be a blessing due to its special natural water resources recharging value. By simulating themagnitude of probable floods considering the anthropogenic and natural effects and implementing contingency plans,their damages could be reduced. In this paper, the Gen...

Ensemble projections of future changes in discharge over Europe show large variation. Several methods for performance-based weighting exist that have the potential to increase robustness change signal. Here we use an ensemble three hydrological models forced with climate datasets from Coordinated Downscaling Experiment - European Domain (EURO-CORDEX). The experiment is set-up nine river basins ...

Theoretical work and general circulation model (GCM) experiments suggest that themidlatitude jet stream’s interaction with large-scale topography can drive intraseasonal oscillations in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. In support of this theory, we present new observational evidence that mountain-induced torques play a key role in 15–30-day oscillations of the Northern Hemisphere c...