The aim of this paper is the study of fuzzy $Gamma$-hyperrings. In thisregard the notion of -fuzzy hyperideals of $Gamma$-hyperrings are introduced andbasic properties of them are investigated. In particular, the representationtheorem for $nu$-fuzzy hyperideals are given and it is shown that the image of a-fuzzy hyperideal of a $Gamma$-hyperring under a certain conditions is two-valued.Finally,...

Introduction: Gamma Knife is an instrument specially designed for treating brain disorders. In Gamma Knife, there are 201 narrow beams of cobalt-60 sources that intersect at an isocenter point to treat brain tumors. The tumor is placed at the isocenter and is treated by the emitted gamma rays. Therefore, there is a high dose at this point and a low dose is delivered to the normal tissue surroun...

Introduction Guilan is one of the provinces in North of Iran, with population of 2,480,874 and a total area of ​​14,042 square kilometers. This study assesses the outdoor natural gamma dose rates in the air of 49 cities in Guilan and calculates corresponding average annual effective dose. Materials and Methods A total of 260 different sample points measurements were carried out. The results inc...

let $f$ be a locally univalent function on the unit disk $u$. we consider the normalized extensions of $f$ to the euclidean unit ball $b^nsubseteqmathbb{c}^n$ given by$$phi_{n,gamma}(f)(z)=left(f(z_1),(f'(z_1))^gammahat{z}right),$$ where $gammain[0,1/2]$, $z=(z_1,hat{z})in b^n$ and$$psi_{n,beta}(f)(z)=left(f(z_1),(frac{f(z_1)}{z_1})^betahat{z}right),$$in which $betain[0,1]$, $f(z_1)neq 0$ and $...

The non-commuting graph $Gamma(G)$ of a non-abelian group $G$ with the center $Z(G)$ is a graph with thevertex set $V(Gamma(G))=Gsetminus Z(G)$ and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent in $Gamma(G)$if and only if $xy neq yx$. The aim of this paper is to compute the spectra of some well-known NC-graphs.

Let $G$ be a group. The order graph of $G$ is the (undirected)graph $Gamma(G)$,those whose vertices are non-trivial subgroups of $G$ and two distinctvertices $H$ and $K$ are adjacent if and only if either$o(H)|o(K)$ or $o(K)|o(H)$. In this paper, we investigate theinterplay between the group-theoretic properties of $G$ and thegraph-theoretic properties of $Gamma(G)$. For a finite group$G$, we s...

Novel surgical applications include radioguided procedures in parathyroidectomy operations. In order to investigate the feasibility of usage of the portable gamma camera in parathyroidectomy operations; intraoperative radioguided parathyroidectomy operation was performed in three hyperparathyroidism patients with inconclusive preoperative parathyroid scintigraphy results. Intraoperative portabl...

Let $G$ be a finite group and $Gamma(G)$ the prime graph of $G$‎. ‎Recently people have been using prime graphs to study simple groups‎. ‎Naturally we pose a question‎: ‎can we use prime graphs to study almost‎ ‎simple groups or non-simple groups? In this paper some results in‎ ‎this respect are obtained and as follows‎: ‎$Gcong S_p$ if and only‎ ‎if $|G|=|S_p|$ and $Gamma(G)=Gamma(S_p)$‎, ‎whe...