DWT and DCT domain watermarking schemes are not robust to geometric attacks such as rotation, scaling, and translation. Recent research has therefore focused on DFT-based watermarking because of its properties. In this paper, we generalize a circular watermarking scheme by embedding one watermark in lower frequencies, and another in higher frequencies. Our experiments show that if the circular ...

Color constancy is the capability to determine colors of objects independent of the color of the light source. This paper deals with the different color constancy algorithms to evaluate the performance of existing color constancy algorithms. The combined effect of two color constancy algorithms i.e. White Patch Retinex (WPR) and Gray World (GW) and gamma correction used for dynamic range correc...

We have utilized an in vitro transcribed 3' mRNA fragment of the plant gene ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) as an exogenous standard for normalization of quantitative PCR data. Both K562 cells and primary erythroid CD34+ progenitor cells were treated with sodium butyrate and changes in gamma-globin mRNA levels were assayed using a previously published TaqMan probe and primer set, wh...

The propagation of an ON–OFF keying modulated optical signal through an optical atmospheric turbulent channel is considered. The intensity fluctuations of the signal observed at the receiver are modeled using a gamma–gamma distribution. The capacity of this channel is determined for a wide range of turbulence conditions. For a zero inner scale, the capacity decreases monotonically as the turbul...

In this paper, we propose a new scheme of dual watermarking by applying discrete wavelet transform and principal component analysis. For the embedding, we identify two best sub bands of wavelet transform by considering the intensity variance of each sub band. Two watermarks are embedded within the selected sub bands with respect to their principal components. Using dual watermark improves robus...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Global Climate Models (GCMs) precipitation scenarios are often characterized by biases and coarse resolution that limit their direct application for basin level hydrological modeling. Bias-correction and spatial disaggregation methods are ...

-Our Monte Carlo PET simulation for a 3D PET scan is able to simulate ~5 million coincidence events per minute per minute on 300MHz Sun dual processor workstation. This is over two orders of magnitude faster than most other available Monte Carlo simulations for 3D PET and is fast enough to be employed as a scatter correction for 3D PET imaging. We have improved the accuracy of our simulation of...

Enhancing the quality of two dimensional signals is one of the most important factors in the fields of video surveillance and computer vision. Usually in real-life video surveillance, false detection occurs due to the presence of random noise, illumination and shadow artifacts. The detection methods based on background subtraction faces several problems in accurately detecting objects in realis...

Achromatic combinations of a diffractive phase Fresnel lens and a refractive correcting element have been proposed for x-ray and gamma-ray astronomy and for microlithography, but considerations of absorption often dictate that the refractive component be given a stepped profile, resulting in a double Fresnel lens. The imaging performance of corrected Fresnel lenses, with and without stepping, i...

The exact bosonic Neumann matrices of the cubic vertex in plane-wave light-cone string field theory are derived using the contour integration techniques developed in our earlier paper. This simplifies the original derivation of the vertex. In particular, the Neumann matrices are written in terms of μ-deformed Gamma-functions, thus casting them into a form that elegantly generalizes the well-kno...