CONTEXT Effective community-based interventions are available to control hypertension. It is important to determine the economics of these interventions. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Peer-reviewed studies from January 1995 through December 2015 were screened. Interventions were categorized into educational interventions, self-monitoring interventions, and screening interventions. Incremental cost-eff...

This paper considers tests for a unit root when the innovations follow a near-integrated GARCH process. We compare the asymptotic properties of the likelihood ratio statistic with that of the leastsquares based Dickey-Fuller statistic. We first use asymptotics where the GARCH variance process is stationary with fixed parameters, and then consider parameter sequences such that the GARCH process ...

in order to survey the inclusion effects of different levels of barley and/or corn grain in diet on growth and performance of holstein calves 40 newborn calves were taken in 5 experimental groups with 4 female and 4 male calves in each group for a duration of105 days. the experimental group was comprised of: group 1; no barley (only consisting of corn grain) and other experimental groups 2, 3, ...

The informational odds ratio (IOR) measures the post-exposure odds divided by the pre-exposure odds (i.e., information gained after knowing exposure status). A desirable property of an adjusted ratio estimate is collapsibility, wherein the combined crude ratio will not change after adjusting for a variable that is not a confounder. Adjusted traditional odds ratios (TORs) are not collapsible. In...

In a dose-response study, dietary levels of standardized ileal digestible methionine (dMet), lysine (dLys), and threonine (dThr) were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite rotatable design in starting broiler chicks that were feed-deprived 2 d posthatch. In total, 60 floor pens of 6 birds each were assigned to 15 diets of central composite rotatable design co...

The informational odds ratio (IOR) measures the post-exposure odds divided by the pre-exposure odds (ie, information gained after knowing exposure status). A desirable property of an adjusted ratio estimate is collapsibility (ie, the combined crude ratio will not change after adjusting for a variable that is not a confounder). Adjusted traditional odds ratios (TORs) are not collapsible. In cont...