We obtain estimates for Vinogradov’s integral which for the first time approach those conjectured to be the best possible. Several applications of these new bounds are provided. In particular, the conjectured asymptotic formula in Waring’s problem holds for sums of s kth powers of natural numbers whenever s > 2k + 2k − 3.

The point (M,f(M)) is called an absolute maximum of f if f(x) ≤ f(M) for every x in the domain of f . The point (m, f(m)) is called an absolute minimum of f if f(x) ≥ f(m) for every x in the domain of f . More than one absolute maximum or minimum may exist. For example, if f(x) = |x| for x ∈ [−1, 1] then f(x) ≤ 1 and there are absolute maxima at (1, 1) and at (−1, 1), but only one absolute mini...

In this paper, we define the fuzzy Henstock-Δ-integral and Δ-derivative on time scales(or briefly FH-Δ-integral, Δ-derivative). Then, give some convergence theorems for kind of nonabsolute convergent integrals. Finally, obtain an existence theorem global solutions generalized differential systems.

We present a new proof of generalized Flett’s mean value theorem due to Pawlikowska (from 1999) using only the original Flett’s mean value theorem. Also, a Trahan-type condition is established in general case.

Ranking of fuzzy numbers play an important role in decision making, optimization, forecasting. In fuzzy decision making problems fuzzy numbers must be ranked before an action is taken by a decision maker. Chen and Li have proposed on “Representation, ranking, and distance of fuzzy number with exponential membership function using grade mean integration method" by ranking index for ranking expon...