In this paper, the concept of fuzzy graph is extended to a complex fuzzy graph. Complex fuzzy graphs are encountered in complex fuzzy set theory. The novelty of the complex fuzzy set lies in the range of values its membership function may attain. In contrast to a traditional fuzzy membership function, this range is not limited to [0, 1], but extended to the unit circle in the complex plane. Thu...

BACKGROUND The use of the lower 90% confidence limit of the lower limit of normal (LLN(CI)), rather than a fixed percentage of the predicted value (LLN(%)), appears to be statistically more appropriate for interpretation of spirometry results. There has been no comparative assessment of these 2 definitions of the LLN in routine clinical practice. METHODS We studied results of spirometry inter...

Mathematical morphology (MM) offers a wide range of tools for image processing and computer vision. MM was originally conceived for the processing of binary images and later extended to gray-scale morphology. Extensions of classical binary morphology to gray-scale morphology include approaches based on fuzzy set theory that give rise to fuzzy mathematical morphology (FMM). From a mathematical p...

he theory of fuzzy sets was ntroduced by Zadeh [22] in 1965 as an attempt to study the vagueness and uncertainity in real world problems. A.Rosenfeld [16] applied the notion of fuzzy sets and introduced the notion of fuzzy subgroups in groups. Since then various classical algebraic systems have been fuzzified. The theory of rough sets introduced by Z.Pawlak [14] in 1982 is another independent m...

The results of the searches for neutral Higgs boson production in the process e + e ? ! Z H 0 are reported, focusing on Higgs boson masses below 70 GeV. The data sample consists of three million hadronic Z decays collected by the L3 experiment at LEP from 1991 through 1994. No signal is found leading to a lower limit on the mass of the Standard Model Higgs boson of 60.2 GeV at 95% C.L. These re...

The biotic and abiotic factors responsible for determining ranges of most species are poorly understood. Canada jay (Perisoreus canadensis Linnaeus, 1766) relies on perishable cached food over-winter survival late-winter breeding the persistence could be a driver range limits. We confirmed that jay’s lower elevational limit Vancouver Island, British Columbia, matches subalpine zone (900 m) then...

For any two points P = (p (1) ,p (2) ,...,p (n)) and Q = (q (1) ,q (2) ,...,q (n)) of R n , we define the crisp vector → PQ = (q (1) −p (1) ,q (2) −p (2) ,...,q (n) −p (n)) = Q(−)P. Then we obtain an n-dimensional vector space E n = { → PQ | for all P,Q ∈ R n }. Further, we extend the crisp vector into the fuzzy vector on fuzzy sets of R n. Let D, E be any two fuzzy sets on R n and define the f...

we study interior operators and interior structures in a fuzzy setting.we investigate systems of “almost open” fuzzy sets and the relationshipsto fuzzy interior operators and fuzzy interior systems.

The evaluation is an important approach to promote the development of the E-Government. Since the rapid development of E-Government in the world, the E-Government performance evaluation has become a hot issue in the academia. In this paper, we develop a new evaluation method for the development of the E-Government based on the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set which is a powerful techniq...