in this paper a linear fuzzy fredholm integral equation(ffie) with arbitrary fuzzy function input and symmetric triangular (fuzzy interval) output is considered. for each variable, output is the nearest triangular fuzzy number (fuzzy interval) to the exact fuzzy solution of (ffie).

Echoviruses constitute one of the major groups of the genus Enterovirus and are associated with illnesses including aseptic meningitis, nonspecific rashes, encephalitis, and myositis (1). Echovirus 13 is an enterovirus that rarely has been detected in the United States, accounting for only 65 of approximately 45,000 enterovirus isolates reported to CDC during 1970-2000. No associated outbreaks ...

Since fi rst discovered in the early 19th century, the ossuaries from Bushehr, Persian Gulf, have attracted attention as possible archaeological evidence for ancient Zoroastrian burial practice. Th is practice involved exposing cadavers to birds before the surviving remains were gathered for deposition in an ossuary. In this paper, the human remains recovered from two ossuaries at Bushehr are d...

The stochastic delay di erential equation dX (t) = ∫ [−r;0] X (t + u) a(du) dt + dZ(t); t¿0 is considered, where Z(t) is a process with independent stationary increments and a is a nite signed measure. We obtain necessary and su cient conditions for the existence of a stationary solution to this equation in terms of a and the L evy measure of Z . c © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Min-implication fuzzy relation equations based on Booleantype implications can also be viewed as a way of implementing fuzzy associative memories with perfect recall. In this paper, fuzzy associative memories with perfect recall are constructed, and new on-line learning algorithms adapting the weights of its interconnections are incorporated into this neural network when the solution set of the...

Coagulopathy in critically ill patients is common and of multifactorial origin [1]. Coagulopathy-associated risk of bleeding and the use of allogeneic blood pro ducts are independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality [2,3]. Th erefore, prompt and correct identifi cation of the underlying causes of these coagulation abnormalities is required, since each coagulation abnormality necessitate...

Using a linked employer-employee data set of the German manufacturing sector, this paper analyses the role of exporting establishments in explaining rising wage dispersion. Over the period of analysis (1996–2007), the raw wage diff erential between exporters and domestic establishments increased substantially, which can only partly be attributed to corresponding changes in human capital endowme...

this paper investigates existence and uniqueness results for the first order fuzzy integro-differential equations. then numerical results and error bound based on the left rectangular quadrature rule, trapezoidal rule and a hybrid of them are obtained. finally an example is given to illustrate the performance of the methods.

in this paper, we investigate the existence of a positive solution of fully fuzzy linear equation systems. this paper mainly to discuss a new decomposition of a nonsingular fuzzy matrix, the symmetric times triangular (st) decomposition. by this decomposition, every nonsingular fuzzy matrix can be represented as a product of a fuzzy symmetric matrix s and a fuzzy triangular matrix t.

The stability in L norm is considered for the Ritz Volterra projection and some applications are presented in this paper As a result point wise error estimates are established for the nite ele ment approximation for the parabolic integro di erential equation Sobolev equations and a di usion equation with non local boundary value problem This work is supported in part by NSERC CANADA Journal of ...