BACKGROUND Food fussiness (FF) is common in early childhood and is often associated with the rejection of nutrient-dense foods such as vegetables and fruit. FF and liking for vegetables and fruit are likely all heritable phenotypes; the genetic influence underlying FF may explain the observed genetic influence on liking for vegetables and fruit. Twin analyses make it possible to get a broad-bas...

BACKGROUND Fever is common following infant vaccinations. Two randomized controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of acetaminophen prophylaxis in preventing fever after whole cell pertussis vaccination, but acetaminophen prophylaxis has not been evaluated for prevention of fever following contemporary vaccines recommended for infants in the United States. METHODS Children six weeks through...

A previously healthy 10-month-old boy presented to the emergency department (ED) with his mother following a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Two days prior to presentation, the patient had a fever to 103°F, was acting more fussy than usual, and developed a decreased appetite. He later had 2 episodes of nonbloody, nonbilious emesis and was taken to his pediatrician, who diagnosed him with acut...

OBJECTIVES Our goal was to examine the sleeping arrangements for infants from birth to 1 year of age and to assess the association between such arrangements and maternal characteristics. METHODS Responses to the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month questionnaires from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II were analyzed to assess sleep arrangements, including bed sharing, the latter defined as mother ever...

BACKGROUND Telephone hotlines designed to address common concerns in the early postpartum could be a useful resource for parents. Our aim was to test the feasibility of using a telephone as an intervention in a randomized controlled trial. We also aimed to test to use of algorithms to address parental concerns through a telephone hotline. METHODS Healthy first-time mothers were recruited from...

Vegetable intake is generally low among children, who appear to be especially fussy during the pre-school years. Repeated exposure is known to enhance intake of a novel vegetable in early life but individual differences in response to familiarisation have emerged from recent studies. In order to understand the factors which predict different responses to repeated exposure, data from the same ex...

to test whether termites of the Cryptotermes domesticus species might be able to discriminate between different sizes of wood. The team constructed experiments that presented termites with blocks of wood with a standard crosssectional diameter of 20x20 mm but of either 20 mm or 160 mm length. The insects were placed in a gap between the two faces of the timber blocks so that they were not able ...

Background Previous RCTs to prevent early rapid weight gain were conducted in predominantly White, well-educated, middle-income mother-infants at low risk for obesity. To inform the design of an RCT in a higher-risk sample, we conducted a short-term, longitudinal study to compare maternal feeding beliefs and behaviors, infant sleep, intake, and growth of African American formula feeding (AAFF) ...

New mRNA modification? L ike the rough draft of a novel, a newly transcribed pre-mRNA molecule undergoes plenty of polishing before it’s fi t to be read. Custódio et al. now report evidence for a previously undiscovered editing step in the production of mRNA. Cells are fussy about mRNA. They detain a would-be strand in the nucleus until enzymes cleave the 3′ end, excise introns, stick a cap on ...

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors for childhood overweight that can be identified during the first year of life to facilitate early identification and targeted intervention. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SEARCH STRATEGY Electronic database search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and CAB Abstracts. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Prospective observational studies following up children from ...