Composite membranes composed of highly conductive and selective layer-by-layer (LbL) films and electrospun fiber mats were fabricated and characterized for mechanical strength and electrochemical selectivity. The LbL component consists of a proton-conducting, methanol-blocking poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride)/sulfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PDAC/sPPO) thin film. The e...

the produced liquid water in cathode catalyst layer (ccl) has significant effect on the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc). to investigate this effect, the transport of oxygen in ccl in the presence of immiscible liquid water is studied applying a two-dimensional pore scale model. the ccl was reconstructed as an agglomerated system. to explore the wettability effects, diffe...

Engine efficiency and emissions depend on the fuel atomization dispersion. The dispersion heavily ambient pressure temperature. In this work, to study Diesel sprays in engine conditions, an electrically heated, constant-volume, pressurized vessel was designed manufactured. controlling electronics software were developed tested ensure safe precise operation. A commercial Bosch six-hole automotiv...

INTRODUCTION The different volatility of the components of a fuel mixture will result in different vaporization rates of components at the droplet surface, and the fuel becomes non-uniform inside the liquid phase because of the mass diffusion resistance inside the droplet. For practical, multidimensional simulations of IC engines, zero-dimensional models for the liquid phase are necessary becau...