Friction stir welding is gaining significance in typical joining applications day by day. Modeling and simulation of FSW has been a great challenge due to the complexity of the process. We are initiating an effort to review various modeling and simulation techniques mentioned in literature and to find the future scope and possibilities of new techniques.

Electrical-current-assisted friction stir welding (EA-FSW) is a procedure developed for the joining of similar and dissimilar materials. EA-FSW newly invented solid-state process to increase welded components’ efficacy in various applications, such as marine structures. joints have investigated on aluminum–magnesium, aluminum–steel, polymer-to-steel. Similar been performed aluminum, magnesium, ...

In this work, a finite-element model was elaborated to simulate the thermomechanical behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy during friction-stir welding (FSW). It shown that FSW-induced deformation is two-stage process. addition stirring action exerted by rotating tool probe, material in near-surface area stir zone also experienced secondary shoulder edge after passage tool. Both steps were found be c...

Friction stir welding (FSW) of titanium alloy was carried out using liquid cooling the FSW tool made heat-resistant nickel superalloy. Cooling superalloy performed by means circulating water inside tool. The joints were characterized microstructures and mechanical strength. strength higher than that base metal.

Abstract—Indonesian localization of Female Sex Workers (FSW) was one the largest in Southeast Asia, which has been taken by government since 2014. The impact mental health disorders not yet reported. This study aimed to compare anxiety disorder among ex-FSW and non-FSW. a prevalence compared non-FSW, located ex-localization Surabaya, Indonesia. Seventy-five participants met inclusion criteria w...

OBJECTIVES This study examines violence experienced in work and personal contexts and relation to HIV risk factors in these contexts among female sex workers (FSW) in Andhra Pradesh, India. METHODS FSW at least 18 years of age (n=2335) were recruited through three rounds of respondent-driven sampling between 2006 and 2010 for a survey on HIV risk. Using crude and adjusted logistic regression ...

BACKGROUND Different models exist to provide HIV/STI services for most-at-risk populations (MARP). Along the Tete traffic corridor in Mozambique, linking Malawi and Zimbabwe, a night clinic opening between 4 and 10 PM was established targeting female sex workers (FSW) and long-distance truck drivers (LDD). The clinic offers free individual education and counselling, condoms, STI care, HIV testi...

BACKGROUND Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common reason for heel pain. The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as an ideal alternative to conservative treatments and surgery is controversial, and almost all previous articles compared general ESWT with placebo without indicating the kind of shock wave. We undertook a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of general ESWT, foc...

Over the years, the complexity of space missions has dramatically increased with more of the critical aspects of a spacecraft’s design being implemented in software. With the added functionality and performance required by the software to meet system requirements, the robustness of the software must be upheld. Traditional software validation methods of simulation and testing are being stretched...