In ferritic stainless steel (FSS), undesirable surface defects of ridging appear during deep drawing. The formation of these defects is attributed to the inhomogeneous distribution of orientations of individual grains. In the present work, a new electron backscattered diffraction R(α)-value map was introduced, and the dependence of the tensile directions on the formation of ridging in an FSS sh...

The current pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study attempts, firstly, to probe the effects of teaching formulaic sequences (FSs) on the second or foreign language (L2)  learners' oral proficiency improvement and secondly, to examine whether teaching FSs through different resources (i.e. animation vs. text-based readings) have any differentially influential effects in augmenting L2  l...

We provide a comprehensive view of various phase transitions in random K-satisfiability problems solved by stochastic-local-search algorithms. In particular, we focus on the finite-size scaling (FSS) exponent, which is mathematically important and practically useful in analyzing finite systems. Using the FSS theory of nonequilibrium absorbing phase transitions, we show that the density of unsat...

Fuzziness (entropy) is a commonly used measure of uncertainty for type-1 fuzzy sets. For interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs), centroid, cardinality, fuzziness, variance and skewness are all measures of uncertainties. The centroid of an IT2 FS has been defined by Karnik and Mendel. In this paper, the other four concepts are defined. All definitions use a Representation Theorem for IT2 FSs. Form...

Fluid shear stress (FSS) induces many forms of responses, including phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in endothelial cells (ECs). We have earlier reported rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in ECs exposed to FSS. Osmotic changes also induced similar PECAM-1 and ERK phosphorylation with nearly identical kinetics....

Feature subset selection (FSS) has been an active area of research in machine learning. A number of techniques have been developed for selecting an optimal or sub-optimal subset of features, because it is a major factor to determine the performance of a machine-learning technique. In this paper, we propose and develop a novel optimization technique, namely, a binary coordinate ascent (BCA) algo...

Finite Size Scaling (FSS) is a very powerful tool, particularly useful in extracting numerical estimates from Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical simulations give results on systems of finite size, where phase transitions cannot occur. Thus, a fundamental task in Monte Carlo studies of phase transitions is the extraction of results holding in the thermodynamic limit from data obtained in systems...

To overcome the complexities in Type-2 Fuzzy Sets (T2FSs) and to present a general model for chaotic FSs, this paper introduces new FSs called Bifurcating FSs (BFSs). The BFS is inspired from human brain. Mathematically, it is equivalent to the coupled chaotic map in which one of the variables is a fuzzy membership function. Biologically, it is equivalent to the oscillatory neuron in which a fu...

Background. Several studies have examined determinants related to post-stroke fatigue. However, it is unclear which determinants can predict an increase in poststroke fatigue over time. Aim. This prospective cohort study aimed to identify determinants which predict an increase in post-stroke fatigue. Methods. A total of 250 patients with stroke were examined at inpatient rehabilitation discharg...