Abstract A botnet is a network of remotely-controlled infected computers that can send spam, spread viruses, or stage denial-of-service attacks, without the consent computer owners. Since beginning 21st century, activities have steadily increased, becoming one major concerns for Internet security. In fact, are more and difficult to be detected, because they make use Peer-to-Peer protocols (eMul...

The bridging of the gap between 1) subsymbolic pattern recognition and learning algorithms and 2) symbolic reasoning algorithms, has been a major issue for AI since the early days of the field. One class of approaches involves integrating subsymbolic and symbolic systems, but this raises the question of how to effectively translate between the very different languages involved. In the approach ...

Tree structures are used extensively in domains such as computational biology, pattern recognition, computer networks, and so on. In this paper, we present an indexing technique for free trees and apply this indexing technique to the problem of mining frequent subtrees. We first define a novel representation, the canonical form, for rooted trees and extend the definition to free trees. We also ...

The growth and popularity of the internet has increased the growth of web marketing. Extracting usage patterns deals with the weblog records to discover user access patterns of Web Pages. Weblog databases provide rich information about what kind of users will access which kind of web pages. Analyzing and exploring regularities in Weblog records can identify potential customers for electronic co...