Freeze–thaw cycles under the conditions of snowmelt and rainfall infiltration in winter are triggers for petroglyph weathering. Rock samples from Helan Mountains were subjected freeze–thaw various laboratory testing, mass, elastic wave velocity unconfined compressive strength tested. The results show that mass loss rate, decreased. In addition, according to XRD analyses, content calcite feldspa...

Abstract Freeze-thaw cycles exert an important abiotic stress on plants at the beginning of winter and spring in mid-to-high latitudes. Here, we investigate whether effects freeze-thaw are carried over into growing season wetlands. We conduct a temperature-controlled experiment under two flooding conditions typical plant ( Scirpus planiculmis ) soil from Momoge wetland (China) analyze microbial...

Freeze–thaw resistance is a significant issue in the durability of concrete; however, it not widely discussed context limestone addition to concrete. The present study aims compare effect different types powder on frost ordinary and self-compacting Three were added concrete an amount 15% 30% cement weight. Compositions with without air-entraining admixture prepared each instance. Research inclu...

Quantitative micro-scale complement-fixation and semi-quantitative gel immunodiffusion assays for myoglobin have been evaluated experimentally and used to measure myoglobin in the sera of more than 1500 patients. We report certain problems, observations, and methodological improvements. Serum caused enhancement of precipitin lines in the immunodiffusion assay. In the complement-fixation assay,...

PHYSICAL, chemical, and biological properties of activated sludge are influenced by changes in ionic strength and ionic composition of sludge. Many studies have investigated the effects of various cations on sludge characteristics [e.g. 1–6] and concluded that cations, particularly divalent cations, play a crucial role in the formation of flocs, influence floc properties such as size, density, ...

The centrifuge method for measuring the resistance of xylem to cavitation by water stress was modified to also account for any additional cavitation that might occur from a freeze-thaw cycle. A strong correlation was found between cavitation by freezing and mean conduit diameter. On the one extreme, a tracheid-bearing conifer and diffuse-porous angiosperms with small-diameter vessels (mean diam...

The reinforced concrete (RC) piers of offshore bridges inevitably experience seawater freeze–thaw cycles due to the periodic movement tides in cold climates. damage caused by will reduce durability and mechanical properties concrete, then affect seismic performance RC piers. method analysis on numerical simulation is gradually emerging because process conventional experiment relatively complica...

Frozen soil and permafrost affect ecosystem diversity and productivity as well as global energy and water cycles. Although some space-based Radar techniques or ground-based sensors can monitor frozen soil and permafrost variations, there are some shortcomings and challenges. For the first time, we use GPS-Interferometric Reflectometry (GPS-IR) to monitor and investigate the bare soil freeze–tha...