BACKGROUND We have adopted an intraoral microsurgical anastomosis to the facial vessels to eliminate the need for any visible facial incisions. METHODS Cadaveric dissection was used to demonstrate accessibility of the facial artery and vein through an intraoral approach. Additionally, 5 patients underwent free tissue transfer for reconstruction of major defects of the midface through an intra...

[Purpose] This study compared patients having active acromegaly with those having controlled acromegaly in terms of peripheral muscle strength, body composition, and functional capacity. We also examined the associations between these measures. [Methods] A total of 14 patients with active acromegaly, 12 patients with controlled acromegaly, and 12 healthy controls were subjected to isometric dyn...

Free lunches arise when benefits of public or private organizational forms are estimated without regard to the associated costs. Two forms of the free lunch fallacy are prevalent in the literature on privatisation and deregulation. First, transfers from employees and transfers associated with tax evasion are treated as if they are net gains. Second, the benefits of market discipline, arising fr...

objective: to determine the effects of local administration of platelet rich plasma (prp) on peripheral nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve transection model. methods: forty-five male white wistar rats were randomized into three experimental groups (n = 15): normal control group (nc), silicon group (sil), prp treated group (sil/prp). in nc group left sciatic nerve was exposed through a glut...

Nerve transfers are key components of the surgeon's armamentarium in brachial plexus and complex nerve reconstruction. Advantages of nerve transfers are that nerve regeneration distances are shortened, pure motor or sensory nerve fascicles can be selected as donors, and nerve grafts are generally not required. Similar to the principle of tendon transfers, expendable donor nerves are transferred...

BACKGROUND Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an isolated risk factor for coronary artery disease, especially when associated with microalbuminuria (MA). Structural and functional changes in lipoproteins have not yet been fully elucidated in this context. OBJECTIVE To assess lipid transfer (T) to HDL in type-2 diabetic patients and its association with microalbuminuria and treatment with stat...

Sir, The importance of flexor carpi radialis (FCR) as a donor muscle in tendon transfers,[1,2] as a tendon graft[3,4] and as an anatomical landmark has been well established. The anatomical variations of FCR are very rare but can have great significance in such cases.[5,6] We report a rare case of congenital absence of FCR muscle found during an elective surgery of bone grafting for scaphoid no...

Joint production between rival firms often entails knowledge transfers without direct compensation, leaving the question as to why more efficient firms would give their rivals such an advantage. We find that such transfers are credible mechanisms to make the market more competitive so as to deter entry or force exit. We determine that with free entry such transfers are profitable and further it...

Background: Contrary to the classic anatomical description, many recent studies have reported wide variations in branching patterns and location of motor branches that are supplying pronator teres muscle. To understand these their implications surgical procedures nerve transfers, a systematic review was performed on innervation muscle from cadaveric studies.Methods: A literature search database...