Synthetic membranes used in Franz diffusion cells for topical formulation quality assessment should provide least resistance to drug diffusion. In this study, the diffusion rates of ibuprofen across thirteen membranes were determined using Franz diffusion cells. Correlation of the membrane thickness, pore size and MWCO with drug fluxes was also made. The drug diffusion results showed that the p...

SUMMARY We present a software package for pedigree reconstruction in natural populations using co-dominant genomic markers such as microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). If available, the algorithm makes use of prior information such as known relationships (sub-pedigrees) or the age and sex of individuals. Statistical confidence is estimated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCM...

– We study the electron thermal transport in granular metals at large tunnel conductance between the grains, gT 1, and not too low a temperature, T > gTδ, where δ is the mean energy level spacing for a single grain. Taking into account the electron-electron interaction effects, we calculate the thermal conductivity and show that the Wiedemann-Franz law is violated for granular metals. We find t...

The subgenus Cladoconnus Reitter, 1909 of the megadiverse genus Euconnus Thomson, 1859 is redescribed and revised for the Balkan Peninsula, Turkey and Caucasus. The following species are described: Euconnus (Cladoconnus) gagranicus sp. nov., E. (C.) ispartaensis sp. nov., E. (C.) meybohmi sp. nov., E. (C.) brachati sp. nov. and E. (C.) croaticus sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for E. (C.) an...

Previous studies have shown that spatial attention can influence the magnitude of brain responses to nociceptive inputs. In their recent article (Franz M, Nickel MM, Ritter A, Miltner WH, Weiss T. J Neurophysiol 113: 2760-2768, 2015), Franz and colleagues expand this observation by showing that spatial attention is further able to modify the chronometry of nociceptive processing by modulating t...

We study the effect of mesoscopic fluctuations on the validity of the Wiedemannn-Franz WF law for quasi-one-dimensional metal wires and open quantum dots. At temperatures much less than the generalized Thouless energy, Ec, the WF law is satisfied for each specific sample, but as the temperature is raised through Ec, a sample-specific correction to the WF law of order 1/g appears g is the dimens...

Kallmann syndrome is named after Franz Joseph Kallmann, a German-born psychiatrist who described in 1944 twelve subjects from three families who presented with a syndrome of missed puberty, anosmia, and color blindness. Yet, several other eponyms for the same syndrome can be found in the literature. Despite the fact that Kallmann syndrome is the most recognized eponym, very little is known abou...

N,N-Diethyl meta Toluamide (DEET) is an insect repellent agent that contrary to its benefits,if is used in formulations with high skin permeation, will produce side effects of differentseverity. This study attempted to achieve a semi-solid DEET containing formulation withgood appearance, sufficient spreadity, suitable viscosity for tube and jar filling, compatible pHwith skin, reasonable stabil...