When asset returns are normally distributed the risk of an asset over a long return interval may be estimated by scaling the risk from shorter return intervals. While it is well known that asset returns are not normally distributed a key empirical question concerns the effect that scaling the volatility of dependent processes will have on the pricing of related financial assets. This study prov...

A graft-transmissible disease displaying red veins, red blotches and total reddening of leaves in red-berried wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars was observed in commercial vineyards. Next-generation sequencing technology was used to identify etiological agent(s) associated with this emerging disease, designated as grapevine redleaf disease (GRD). High quality RNA extracted from leaves of ...

Abstract Based on the three-stage fatigue crack growth model, a corrosion life prediction method considering coupling effect of and is proposed in this paper. In case, stress factor amplitude was claimed fatigue. Three push-out tests conditions were conducted to study failure mode studs. The propagation studs, obtained through tests, simulated FRANC 3D establish library adequate amplitude. Acco...