abstract: background: today one of the main problems low or middle income families face is financing healthcare costs. this article studies the methods of of financing health care costs among hospitalized diabetic patients in different types of insurances. materials & methods: this is a causal-comparative study. the variables consist of comparative (health care costs) and categorical(different ...

this study aims to determine organizational citizenship behavior’s impact on customer loyalty and quality of services. that is to examine, organizational citizenship behavior of nurses and patients (customers) of the kermanshah province hospitals by two hypotheses. population comprised of 1524 nurses which 544 nurses were selected as sample. also sample of same size in a random way in a period ...

the cyclical economic downturn in the united states has forced many extension administrators to rethink and adjust services and programming. the cooperative extension system (ces), the organization primarily responsible for governmental extension work in the united states, at iowa state university responded to this economic downturn by restructuring its organization from county based to a regio...

Introduction: Students are the main clients for an educational system. It is believed that using their viewpoints to determine the educational gap is of great value. This can also help to promote educational programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate educational service quality based on students’ points of view in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) in 2016. Method: In a cross-se...

The JRC demonstrated the feasibility to assess and report in a harmonized manner, forest landscape pattern and fragmentation in Europe, on the basis of an easily reproducible set of indices. Results were used in the Forest EUROPE, UN ECE and FAO joint ministerial reporting process on the protection of forests in Europe where data on forest pattern do not exist from national forest inventories. ...

human activities often adversely affect natural landscapes and ecosystems. natural landscapes consist of habitats, and habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity. environmental impact assessment (eia)as a systematic and well documented procedure to identify, describe and assess the direct and indirect effects of a developmental project in different environments does not co...

In 1995 California began its statewide effort to develop long-term planning strategies to care for a growing elderly population. With the enactment of AB1040, many counties, including Contra Costa and Santa Clara Counties, undertook the task of planning integration of: • Care and service delivery systems across medical, social, and supportive services. • Program administration within a framewor...

Abstract In order to solve the problem of spectrum fragment in elastic optical networks, a reconstruction algorithm based on resource partition allocation is proposed this paper. Services are classified according different frequency services that occupy number slots networks. Region division resources made type and allocated corresponding partitions. When defragmenting we reconstruct for region...

BACKGROUND The fragmentation of HIV-related diagnostic and treatment services, especially for youth, is a significant barrier for transitioning to care. The study identified key elements that affected care linkage efforts. METHODS We conducted 64 interviews across 15 clinical sites. The constant comparative method was used. RESULTS Primary linkage to care processes are illustrated through t...

this research studies the impact of e-banking service quality on customer satisfaction and commitment. the aim of study is applicable, and given the importance of topic, 384 customers of saderat bank branches in tehran province who experienced the use of bank electronic services selected by sampling and randomly. by the use of a questionnaire, the data are collected. for evaluating questionnair...