Lithic technologies dominate understanding of early humans, yet natural processes can fracture rock in ways that resemble artefacts made by Homo sapiens and other primates. Differentiating between fractures primates is important for assessing the validity controversial archaeological sites. Rather than depend on expert authority or intuition, authors propose a null model conchoidally fractured ...

Hydraulic fracturing is an important method of reservoir stimulation in the exploitation of geothermal resources, and conventional and unconventional oil and gas resources. In this article, hydraulic fracturing experiments with shale, sandstone cores (from southern Sichuan Basin), and granite cores (from Inner Mongolia) were conducted to investigate the different hydraulic fracture extension pa...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Groundwater in the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone aquifer, Liverpool, UK, has locally elevated chloride concentrations (∼4000 mg/l) in parts of the coastal region although there is freshwater right up to the coast line in other areas. The aqu...

background: radioactive substances are water chemical contaminants. in this study, the concentration of radon was measured in drinking water supplies of taft villages (part of dehshir-baft fault located in central part of iran) and also shirkooh area with granite rocks (containing uranium). materials and methods: this cross sectional research was conducted in fall 2013 and winter 2014 on the so...

Groundwater in the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone aquifer, Liverpool, UK, has locally elevated chloride concentrations (∼4000mg/l) in parts of the coastal region although there is freshwater right up to the coast line in other areas. The aquifer is cut my numerous faults with vertical displacements of as much 300m. SPOT satellite data 5 have been used for the Merseyside area of Liverpool. The sate...

Mature, synrift lacustrine shales of Eocene to Oligocene age and mature, late-rift coals and coaly shales of Oligocene to Miocene age are source rocks for oil and gas in two important petroleum systems of the onshore and offshore areas of the Northwest Java Basin. Biogenic gas and carbonate-sourced gas have also been identified. These hydrocarbons are trapped primarily in anticlines and fault b...

In this study, we evaluate the changes in ultrasonic signatures (i.e., frequency content, velocity, amplitude, and attenuation) due to stress-induced alteration of fracture aperture/permeability. Flow-through experiments were performed on artificially-fractured phyllite specimens along with concurrent measurements under different stress conditions. Increasing pore pressure led opening, as indic...