This review focuses on studies of flow, transport and deformation processes at a scale of a single discontinuity. The paper provides an evaluation of: (1) various methods suggested for geometrical characterization of void structure; and (2) theoretical and practical problems arising from significant differences between the actual geometry of fracture void structure and its parallel plate repres...

This article describes a technique for preparing the bed for autologous bone grafting in nonunion surgery. The procedure is divided into 2 steps. First, both ends of the fracture fragments are chipped into small pieces using an osteotome and hammer without peeling off the periosteum, creating pathways into the bone marrow. Second, cancellous bone harvested from the iliac crest is grafted into t...

We report on numerical simulations of acid erosion in a fractured specimen of Carrara marble. The simulations combine two recent advances in lattice-Boltzmann methodology to accurately and efficiently calculate the velocity field in the pore space. A tracer diffusion algorithm was then used to calculate the distribution of reactants in the fracture, and the local erosion rate was obtained from ...

Summary In this study, to investigate how gravity affects foam in open vertical fractures, we report experiments three 1-m-long, 15-cm-wide glass-model fractures. Each fracture has a smooth wall and roughened wall. Between the two walls is slit-like channel representing single geological fracture. Three model fractures (Models A, B, C) share same roughness have different hydraulic apertures of ...

scanning near-field optical microscopy (snom) is a member of scanning probe microscopes (spms) family which enables nanostructure investigation of the surfaces on a wide range of materials. in fact, snom combines the spm technology to the optical microscopy and in this way provide a powerful tool to study nano-structures with very high spatial resolution. in this paper, a qualified overview of ...

Abstract In this study, we investigate numerically the hydro-mechanical behavior of fractured crystalline rock due to one five hydraulic stimulations at Pohang Enhanced Geothermal site in South Korea. We use commercial code FracMan (Golder Associates) that enables studying coupled processes media three dimensions combining finite element method with a discrete fracture network. The software is ...