Pharmacokinetics (PK) has been traditionally dealt with under the homogeneity assumption. However, biological systems are nowadays comprehensively understood as being inherently fractal. Specifically, the microenvironments where drug molecules interact with membrane interfaces, metabolic enzymes or pharmacological receptors, are unanimously recognized as unstirred, space-restricted, heterogeneo...

Colloidal particles that interact through strong, short-range, secondary attractions in liquids form irreversible "slippery" bonds that are not shear-rigid. Through event-driven simulations of slippery attractive spheres, we show that space-filling fractal clusters still emerge from the process of "slippery" diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA). Although slippery and classic DLA clusters have th...

The edge of chaos is analyzed in a spatially extended system, modeled by the regularized long-wave equation, prior to the transition to permanent spatiotemporal chaos. In the presence of coexisting attractors, a chaotic saddle is born at the basin boundary due to a smooth-fractal metamorphosis. As a control parameter is varied, the chaotic transient evolves to well-developed transient turbulenc...

New characteristics of fractal design scheme has been introduced to generate compact two poles capacitively coupled microstrip bandpass filter by using additional coupling stubs for different wireless applications. The presented fractal scheme is based on specific type of Hilbert space-filling curve which is called Hilbert-zz fractal geometry. The performance of generated bandpass filter struct...

Interstellar extinction by fractal polycrystalline graphite clusters?, Andersen et al. Abstract Certain dust particles in space are expected to appear as clusters of individual grains. The morphology of these clusters could be fractal or compact. To determine how these structural features would affect the interpretation of the observed interstellar extinction peak at ∼ 4.6 µm, we have calculate...

Stretched exponential relaxation [exp-(t/tau)(beta(K))] is observed in a large variety of systems but has not been explained so far. Studying random walks on percolation clusters in curved spaces whose dimensions range from 2 to 7, we show that the relaxation is accurately a stretched exponential and is directly connected to the fractal nature of these clusters. Thus we find that in each dimens...

Here we show how reversible computation processes, like Margolus diffusion[1], can be envisioned as physical turning operations on a 2dimensional rigid surface that is cut by a regular pattern of intersecting circles. We then briefly explore the design-space of these patterns, and report on the discovery of an interesting fractal subdivision of space by iterative circle packings. We devise two ...

Considerable effort has been directed towards the application of percolation theory and fractal modeling to porous media. We combine these areas of research to investigate percolation in prefractal porous media. We estimated percolation thresholds in the pore space of homogeneous random 2-dimensional prefractals as a function of the fractal scale invariance ratio b and iteration level i. The pe...

In this work, the anisotropic linear elastic properties of two-phase composite materials, made up of square inclusions embedded in a matrix, are investigated. The inclusions present a fractal hierarchical distribution and are supposed to have the same Poisson's ratio as the matrix but a different Young's modulus. The effective elastic moduli of the medium are computed at each fractal iteration ...