Lower limbs are normally the first contacted body region during car-pedestrian accidents, and easily suffer serious injuries. The previous tibia bending tolerances for pedestrian safety were mainly developed from three-point bending tests on tibia mid-shaft. The tibia tolerances of other locations are still not investigated enough. In addition, tibia loading condition under the car-pedestrian i...

Four-roll bending process is usually used for manufacturing of seamed thick-walled and thin-walled cylinders. Due to complexity of this process, the analytical solution of plate bending in this process has not been developed completely. The existence of friction and multi-step processing makes it more difficult. Investigation of four-roll bending process using analytical and numerical methods i...

Almost all of the currently available fracture fixation devices for metaphyseal fragility fractures are made of hard metals, which carry a high risk of implant-related complications such as implant cutout in severely osteoporotic patients. We developed a novel fracture fixation technique (intramedullary-fixation with biodegradable materials; IM-BM) for severely weakened long bones using three d...

There is increased usage of flexible electronics recently in various applications such as wearable devices, displays and sensors. Studies on the durability conductive metal traces under cyclic mechanical loading crucial since these conductors will be subjected to repeated bending. In this work, electrical behavior silver printed was tested using three-point bend test. The samples were polymer t...

The effect of an electric field on the bending behavior of [001] oriented and poled relaxor Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PIN–PMN–PT) single crystals was measured using a four point bending apparatus with a longitudinal electric field applied to the bar during bending. The surface finish and electric field amplitude were observed to affect the bending strength. Polished surfaces imp...

With the expansion of overseas markets, transportation distance, storage periods in warehouses, and traffic volume goods are increasing. In this distribution environment, safety problem due to decrease strength multistacked corrugated package is becoming very important. This study aims develop a CAE prediction technology for height change packages, study, FEA simulation method existing packages...

A hybrid finite–discrete element method (FDEM) is proposed to investigate dynamic pure-mode-II fracture behaviors. The transition of continuum discontinuum was applied the FDEM through use three modes, so that whole process could be modeled naturally. then employed model behavior rock during a four-point bending test with prefabricated notch. results showed initiated from tip notch under relati...

Warm mix asphalts (WMA), because of their low production and compact temperatures, may have different behaviors in long term. In the present work, the energy-based criteria along with the 50% reduction in initial stiffness (Nf50%) using four-point bending test under controlled-strain conditions of 1000 microstrain were applied to compare the prepared two warm mix and HMA samples. All these crit...

In order to study the mechanical characteristics of new asphalt pavement structural materials, UTM testing machine and Overlay Test (OT) machine, four-point fatigue test, tensile test bending strength have been carried out on different types grid mixtures. The result shows: addition grids can effectively improve properties concrete structure; geogrid stress road surface, it alleviate early gene...