Balancing economic, ecological, and social values has long been a challenge in the forests of the Pacific Northwest, where conflict over timber harvest and old-growth habitat on public lands has been contentious for the past several decades. The Northwest Forest Plan, adopted two decades ago to guide management on federal lands, is currently being revised as the region searches for a balance be...

Few studies have investigated how soil fungal communities respond to elevation, especially within TMCF (tropical montane cloud forests). We used an elevation gradient in a TMCF in Costa Rica to determine how soil properties, processes, and community composition of fungi change in response to elevation and across seasons. As elevation increased, soil temperature and soil pH decreased, while soil...

UIs as a long-term solution for non-visual access to GUIs Kris Van Hees, Jan Engelen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Department of Electrical Engineering – ESAT – SCD – DocArch Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 B-3001 Heverlee-Leuven Belgium [email protected], [email protected]

The continued provision of water from rivers in the southwestern United States to downstream cities, natural communities and species is at risk due to higher temperatures and drought conditions in recent decades. Snowpack and snowfall levels have declined, snowmelt and peak spring flows are arriving earlier, and summer flows have declined. Concurrent to climate change and variation, a century o...

Abstract Boreal forests efficiently insulate underlying permafrost. The magnitude of this insulation effect is dependent on forest density and composition. A change therein modifies the energy water fluxes within below canopy. direct influence climatic indirect through a in permafrost dynamics lead to extensive ecosystem shifts such as composition or density, which will, turn, affect persistenc...

Economically optimal management of a continuous cover forest is considered here. Initially, there is a large number of trees of different sizes and the forest may contain several species. We want to optimize the harvest decisions over time, using continuous cover forestry, which is denoted by CCF. We maximize our objective function, the expected present value, with consideration of stochastic p...